The History of the Blue Hen Chicken Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The History of the Blue Hen Chicken - Essay ExampleBen Botkin (1938) stated, every group confine together or by common interests and purposes, whether educated or uneducated, rural or urban, possesses a trunk of traditions which may be called its folklore. Into these traditions enter many elements, individuals, popular, and even literary, but all be absorbed and assimilated through repetition and variation into a pattern which has value and continuity for the group as a whole. (New York Folklore Society, 2009)Knowledge, information, inspirations and traditions are transferred to people through sharing and informal exchange of ideas and stories. Folklores symbolize the identity and meaning of a sure culture and the past exchange of such information. Delmarva has got rich culture and past giving rise to numerous folklores and legends.Delmarva is a large peninsula located on the East Coast of United States of America. It is occupied by Delaware and portions of Virginia and Maryland . Delaware is shared out into three counties New Castle in north, Sussex in south and Kent in center of Delaware.General gather of Delaware officially adopted Blue Hen Chicken as state bird on fourteenth April 1939.Historical events of Delaware are associated with blue hen chicken during Revolutionary War which gave them an edge over other aesthetically beautiful birds, for example, scarlet Cardinal. Before its adoption as state bird, it was unofficially used as a symbol in campaigning for political reasons. Now, the University of Delaware mascot is modeled after this bird and also recognise as YoUDee.The state bird, Blue hen, is a breed of rooster with blue feathers. However, only about half of the chickens capture blue feathers, others may have black or white. It is a local and not very recognized breed as it goes back to the pioneers of Delaware. University of Delaware arranges organized breeding for them and has for its mascot the Fighting Blue Hens (Howard, 2007).In some c ases, it is

Critical issue of global health Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Critical loose of world(a) health - appellation ExampleThe data struck me, based on rationale, because health has emerged to be a global issue and global efforts, that may include transfer of resources to deserving areas could be necessary. This would suggest distribution of resources to such areas as Africa and asia in order to help combat health care problems. on the contrary, a barrier seems to equal and developed countries seems to be solving their healthcare concerns and not extending resources to developing countries (World Health Organization, 2006). Variation in sum of disease across nations and regions also supports the difference in need and resource allocation and identifies lack of global efforts in healthcare, despite the suggested need (Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, 2014).Such a variation identifies regional and bailiwick efforts and shortages, not global, and yet some data identifies these factors to be global. OBrien and Gostin (2011) explains that shortage in healthcare workers is a global crisis, undermining the reported regional imbalance in the primary data. The inconsistency makes the data striking because of each possible dynamism in the sector that could have occurred between times of the articles publication or undependableness of existing data on healthcare issues. the inconsistency therefore establishes need for a new scan on the

Arab Culture Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Arab Culture - Essay Example on with religion even the culture travelled out wards from Arab lands. They left strong mark on close all fields of human endeavour architecture, literature, painting and even technology. Arab land is not only bounteous in oil, it is rich in iron ore, cobalt, lead, magnesium.What was the ancient culture of mankind Culture means a way of life and a way of thinking. Since primitive man was busy cultivating and managing livestock and hunting the startle explored art forms were tool making tools made with pebbles, Ubaid sherds and flints too have been recovered from archeological sites in Egypt and Arab nations. They were utilise to hunt, make dwellings, sculpting. Colours were made from tree extracts, flowers and vegetables and used for painting. Ancient Arabic literature is rich in lyric and poetry. The Quran, word of God, is one of the ancient written sacred book. Later Arabic literature has happy the world with 1001 Arabian nights which is even now o ne of the best sold books world over. Story-telling was one of the major(ip) art form.All the three religions which branched out from the philosophy of One God brought discipline in the land For if you didnt listen to command of God you are condemned. In the name of God magnificent monuments were built.

Risk management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

adventure centering - Essay Example desires therefore, make investments in various areas in order to be equal to reduce the adversity risks due to price movements in a security it trades in simply by taking a position that will offset the related security. The Bank of England has played a genuinely pivotal role in the economic development of the country primarily, by diversifying risks for all the economic agents. As with any other bank, the greatest pecuniary risk it faced was the matter to pace risk. During the last financial crisis i.e. the financial crisis of the year 2007, banks were able to employ certain st come outgies before and after the crisis which were geared towards mitigating them from such risks brought just about by the crisis (Dietrich, 2006). The Bank of England was among those banks which were affected by this crisis and had to therefore apply a risk management possibility such as the Forward Trade Agreement before and after the crisis to mitigate itself f rom the various forms of stake rate exposure. This is because, fluctuations in its interest rate had the capability of altering its interest income and value thus, making the management of interest rate risk using hedging methods vital to its success. The Asset and Liability Committee of the Bank of England as the body tasked with ensuring that interest rates are properly maintained and managed to avoid any interest rate risk exposures before and after the financial crisis, applied the following strategies to hedge out the risk. hedge strategies/methods used a. The use of interest rate swaps Interest rate swaps refers to a type of highly best-selling(predicate) instrument as a liquid financial derivative that is used by two parties in the exchange of interest rate cash flows. The two parties agree exchange the cash flows of the interest rate basing their agreement on a specified notional add obtained from a rate that is fixed to a floating rate or even vice versa. The same can a lso be from a floating rate to any other rate. A clear understanding of how the Bank of England used it would be to consider the two parties agreeing to pay a rate fixed or floating, denominated in the pound to the other party. The rate was then multiplied by a notional principal amount in the US$. The outcome was given an appropriate accrual value for the day count convention. If both the legs featured in similar currency, the notional amount was typically not exchanged between the parties but, instead used to report the cash flow sizes to be exchanged (Dietrich, 2006). The notional amount was exchanged if the legs appeared in various currencies. A more common interest rate swap in use has been the LIBOR. With the LIBOR there is a payer and a receiver. One party pays the LIBOR plus a trade percentage plus the rate offered by the other party in this kind of trade activity. Since interest rate swaps are nonprescription(a) (OTC) instruments, the various varieties the bank could hav e used include floating for floating rate swap with different currencies, the floating for floating rate swap with similar currencies, and the fixed for fixed rate swaps. Regardless of the changes in the LIBOR rates in future, the rolling deposit value will always equal the notional amount at the reset date. b. Used of forward derivatives The bank also used derivatives during the period to manage the risks. A particular one used was the forward contracts. In the management

Essay question-Non-violent Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Question-Non- hostile - Essay eccentricOn the other hand, revolutionaries such as Martin Luther King Jr., Dalai Lama and Mohandas Gandhi mappingd non-violent means to include strikes, sit-ins and placid marches. Non-violent revolutions are normally characterized by the peaceful nature that they take rather than use of violence to present a reaction one expects.People who resolve to use this form of revolution often desire to set a better example to the future generations (Sharp, 2003, 183). If anything is to be determined from past revolution, one stigmatize that the society as a whole tends to benefit from non-violent revolutions than from violent revolutions. I do agree that non- violent revolutions workNon violence does not explicitly imply not partaking in violence it can similarly be viewed as a way in which a person can use validatory action as a way of resisting oppression and to bring about transformation in the community. Mahatma Gandhi at a time stated The essence of non-violent technique is that it seeks to liquidate antagonisms but not the antagonists. This can simply be understand to mean that non-violent revolutions aim to change the opponents point of view and win them over. It is a win-win situation. Revolutionists who use this method do so in inevitably they will be able to persuade their oppressors into visual perception things from their perspective and that their point of view is right.Non violent participants do not seek out to harm their oppressors in any way. On the contrary, they are willing to suffer whatever it takes in order to bring about some form of change in the society. The reason as to why non-violence has such great captivation is because it removes the absurdity of trying to make the society more just and less violent place by using violence as a tool. If people are hoping to be a great leader, then it would be expected that they set the best

HCM631-0901B-01 Systems in Health Care - Phase 1 Discussion Board Essay

HCM631-0901B-01 Systems in Health Care - Phase 1 Discussion control panel - Essay ExampleAlternative capital analysis involves assessing the various options available to raise funds for investment. This is genuinely essential as in that location are a number of factors to be considered before making a decision about the source of funds. Alternative capital analysis focuses on the risks associated with each source. Also there are other non-financial factors to be considered when analyzing the sources of finance, such as ownership of the company, voting rights, decision making, etc.., In the oddball of Cactus Health Inc., it is essential to consider the risks associated with the capital scenarios, as the company does not have a understandably risk management and there are no expenditure guidelines. Hence it is essential to choose a low risk option (Weston and Copeland, 1988).The two most appropriate capital sources for Cactus Health Inc., are right Shares and Debentures. As the o perations of Cactus Health are diversified and there is a lot of opportunity for development, the impelling way to raise additional capital is through an initial public offering and entering the song market.An equity share represents a share of the companys assets and a share of earnings by and by the claims are met. Equity shareholders are the owners of the business and have a right in the company for the section of shares owned by them. Also, the risk is borne by the shareholders who invest in the company. Cactus can either sell many of the existing shares or can issue new shares in order to raise nigh surfeit finance for investing in other ventures (http//financial-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/Equity+securities).Debentures are bonds issued to the investors in exchange for finance change to the company. Cactus can borrow money in the form of debentures from the public, by agreeing to repay the sum by some future date. Also, Cactus has to pay an interest to the creditor s (debenture bond holders) before paying out dividends to the shareholders. Hence, in this

To what extent does the character of inter-state relations mean that Essay

To what conclusion does the character of inter-state relations mean that the potential for human rights will always be limited - try on ExampleConversely, it has been propounded that customary international law of nature is nevertheless significant as a source of law particularly in the international human rights arena (Cassese, 2005 p.389). For example, the codification of conventions, and case law of the International lawcourt of Justice (IJC) have been cited as contributing to the resurrection of customary international law (Cassese, 2005 p.65). However, notwithstanding the theoretical sizeableness of international law making in areas such as human rights and as a beat on autocratic state power, these measures are only as effective as their practical enforceability, which or so commentators have challenged in light of competing political interests at international level, arguing that customary law has in effect been replaced by national concerns in inter-state relations (Di xon, 2007 p.17).Directly correlated to this is the archetype of state and inter-state relations, which in terms of individual human rights protections at international level has become a central bit particularly in context of rapid globalisation (Baylis & Smith, 2001).Indeed, Benvenisti and Hirsch comment that globalisation is a multifaceted concept that encompasses technological, political, economic and social trends (Benvenisti & Hirsch, 2004 p.167). Moreover Baylis et al highlight that the term globalisation refers to the widening, deepening and speeding up of worldwide internconnectedness in all aspects of contemporary social life (Baylis & Smith, 2001 at p.541).As such, the rapid chiliad of this process in the previous two decades along with the digital revolution has meant that cross border flows (of trade, investment, migrants, ethnical artefacts, environmental factors etc) have reached unprecedented levels. (Benvenisti & Hirsch, 2004, p.168). Directly related to this is t he increase of

Critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 9

Critique - Essay ExampleThere have been various incidences where euphony has been used asan important therapeutic tool for people suffering from mental and other kinds of health diseases and challenges (Bayley, 2010). stacks tastes and optences for music varies from one group to another. While some opt to listen to live bands and presentations, others prefer listening to music that is enter, as they point out that this experience allows them to listen to it repeatedly.This paper examines the concept of preserve music and how it is influencing peoples preference for leisure. It focuses on ome of the advanatges that accompny enter music for both artists and their respective audiences additionally, it examines how engineering is influencing the music industry.Music recording refers to the process of re-creation and inscription of different forms of penetrate waves like singing, verbalise voice, sound effects and instrumental music. Music can be recorded in two important ways, e ither in analogue or digital systems. Analog recording is often facilitated by a microphone, which has the ability to detect and pick sound waves, thus recording them as graphic representations of the particular sound waves. Analog music recording was commonly used many decades ago before the invention of legal and efficient systems of music recording, it can store music for a long time and be listened to and watched in different places easily (Cook, 2009).Digital recording, which is an advanced form of the analog music converts analog sound waves and signals picked up by a microphone into digital forms through the digitization process. In all forms, digitally recorded music is often regarded as being of high quality compared to music recorded by analog systems. Currently, various storage devices have been developed by different companies to enable people to carry recorded music to different places

The 2005 Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer Protection Act Essay

The 2005 Bankruptcy Abuse Prevention and Consumer protective covering Act - Essay ExampleThe act implemented ways to make the process of filing for failure very long and costly in order to reduce the number of people filing for failure. volume filing for loser undergo credit counselling intended to change their minds on filing for bankruptcy (Scott 2005). Later, those proceed to cross- burden for bankruptcy undergo means test to evaluate and determine their need and eligibility to institutionalize for bankruptcy.The establishment of this act has therefore worked to improve the cases filed on bankruptcy. This is because anyone who puts any file on a bankruptcy gets an opportunity to undergo credit counselling. With this counselling companies and individuals are able to have a empower psychoanalysis of their budges to avoid bankruptcy (Scott 2005). In that case, when individuals have critically well analysed and established budgets, they will be a position to have an insight of t heir ability to file for bankruptcy. This therefore eliminates the filing of bankruptcy by consumers without clear understanding of their ability to pay stick out their debts.Provision for counselling also helps people to plan on the options they have on paying their debts. These also provide a consideration of the available methods of paying back debts which can either be the priority of debts subject to the prevailing rate of interest or the integrating of debts (Carroll 2007). After all this analysis, individuals will then be at their own free will to whether to file for the bankruptcy as they initially intended or to avoid it completely.On most cases, people who file for bankruptcy are very desperate for money. In that case, taking them through bankruptcy does not amount of money to any use at all. Individuals go ahead to file for bankruptcy in a fiscal state of dire need. After the counselling they proceed to file for the bankruptcy. This therefore is almost

The relationship between landlord and tenants in relation to Essay

The notificationship between landlord and populates in relation to assignment of leases and recovery of rent arrears - Essay ExampleThe relationship between landlord and dwells in relation to assignment of leases not to be on unreasonably withheld & the sub judice and softer approach to dealing with rent arrears thrill in mind a proactive management approach Introduction Question one cutting scenario The first question deals with assignment of a lease by the tenant whereby the lease agreement permits for assignment, plainly with the respond of the tenant. In this case, the consent of the tenant cannot be unreasonably withheld. One of the shop is used by a hairdresser who wish to assign the lease to another hairdresser in the town. Shelagh (the other hairdresser) is considered a better covenant than existing tenant since she has a more profitable business than the original tenant.Although, I dislike Shelaghm, the lease permits the tenant to assign the premises with my consen t. In this case, I cannot protect the consent unreasonably. In the above case scenario, I cannot simply say no to the assignment of the lease. There are legion(predicate) laws that govern the landlord and tenant relationship with regard to the assignment of the lease. The Amendment of law of property Act 1925, provides the procedure for discharging or modifying any covenants including leaseholds (Pawlowski, 2002). The lease is of a commercial property and entails a covenant that is legally binding to the landlord and tenant. The tenant has the right to assignment lease to another tenant. Accordingly, the covenant requires the tenant to make an assignment only with the consent of the landlord.... Accordingly, the landlord must notify the tenant of any conditions attached to the consent or reasons for withholding the consent (Karp and Klayman, 2003). In addition, section 19(1) a of the landlord and tenant ACT1927, makes it clear that a landlord cannot unreasonably withhold his conse nt in a qualified covenant (Karp and Klayman, 2003). Accordingly, section 19 (1A) of the landlord and tenant Act 1927 allows both the landlord and tenant to agree of indisputable conditions that will apply while granting the consent of assignment (Pawlowski, 2002). In this case, the landlord will not unreasonably withhold his consent if he withholds the consent due to a specific circumstance that attaches to the assignment. In the above case, it is the legal duty of the landlord to grant the consent of assignment or provides reasons for the withholding of the consent (Karp and Klayman, 2003). Ideally, the main issue that arises in the grant of assignment consent is financial capability of the proposed new tenant. The landlord can ask for the financial accounts of the proposed tenant and enlist the services of a credit rating agency in determining the creditworthiness of the proposed tenant (Pawlowski, 2002). In the above case, Shelagh has a more profitable business and thus more cr edit worth than the current tenant. Accordingly, the landlord is entitled to take in to full consideration of the attaching property interests in the whole property much(prenominal) as good estate management reasons (Karp and Klayman, 2003). The landlord will seek satisfaction that the proposed new tenant is confident of complying with the lease covenants after the assignment and require for additional securities such as rent deposit and guarantees. In addition, the

Hybrid Brand Strategy Report Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Hybrid Brand Strategy Report - Research Paper frameworkHorticultural products, therefore, demand quick marketing and a relatively short supply chain (Tollens et al. 2000). stigmatization has for a long time been known to be a rather effective instrument in creating consumer loyalty for new and existing products. A trade name product has 65% chance of fetching high-pitched market in the prime market and 78% in restaurants (Brakus et al. 2009). For a product with a hard brand name, consumers tend to pull towards it. The low-grade horticultural products can be distributed to hotels and institutions (Sprott et al. 2009). There is, therefore, the need to rail a brand for horticultural products such as fruits and vegetables. This is because with the target market involving the five-star hotels, and prime shopping centers, having branded products is more profitable that having unbranded commodities (He et al. 2012).Auxiliary brand affiliation is characterized as interfacing a brand wit h whatever other business that may influence the production of new brand relationship with the organizations additionally allude existing affiliations (French & Smith 2013). It is more like a component of showcasing marking. Brand picture, brand mindfulness, and brand brilliance have their immediate effects on brand value. Brand affiliation transmits the value of different organizations to the brand in thought. Customers judge the brand esteem on the premise of brand components that are related straightforwardly and principally with the hidden item, for the case, physical highlights, bundling and hues, and instrumental qualities (Severi & Ling 2013). Be that as it may, these judgments can as well as be taking into account auxiliary or aberrant affiliations, which allude to affiliations identified with organizations instead of specifically associated with judge an item. These organizations incorporate different organizations, their nations of the root, circulation channels, repr esentative, and brands (Chen 2001). The association of brand to the

3 x 450 words assignments B. strategy, Org + Behave, B. Environ - B Essay

3 x 450 words assignments B. strategy, Org + Behave, B. Environ - B. spec - Essay ExampleOrganizations that atomic number 18 effective are by and large concerned with their performance level and also the aspect of performance consistency1. The presidential terms major objective is to offer customers the similar quality of product or service whenever the customer visits the organization, regardless of the location. Quality performance results into repeat customers while consistency leads to loyalty of the clientele.Communication breakdowns that may be caused by cultural misunderstandings are a affright to efficiency in performance. For instance, an employee may opt to use in identify communication with a fellow employee who prefers direct communication and this result into a communication breakdown. Multicultural organizations are the organizations that hire employees from various cultural backgrounds, where the organization serves the clients that are from varying cultures or ev en the combination of both2. Expectations and behavior of the people within the multicultural organizations or the customers that are served by the organization may be driven by the cultural rules. It is, therefore, important to keep the cultural rules. The difference in cultures may arise from factors like direct or indirect communication, exposition of identity as either individual or connection to a certain group and the level of comfort in the hierarchy.Organizational culture and organizational structure are some of the concepts that have the greatest predictive power and highest explanatory in the attempts to understand the forms and causes of people behavior in the organizations. Subsequently, the two concepts are mostly used when conducting research on variables that independent in the explanation of several phenomena that are invest in companies or other forms of organizations. The influence of organizational culture and structure on other factors of charge is normally re searched

Political Discussion Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Political Discussion - Coursework ExamplePresident Nixons Watergate Scandal was considerably annihilative because it earned him the lowest ratings in the gage term as compared to other presidents. The current president, President Obama threatens to disperse this trend because he enjoys a conspicuous upward trend in his approval ratings since the 2012 election. Even so, the second term, riddled by the second-term curse, is considerably rough because of the over expectations of the prevalent.Special interest groups are replete(p) for the nation because they exert influence on the political and legal systems. They encourage democracy and ensure that finish makers settle on decisions that serve the common good. A healthy democracy is possible because of the efforts of interest groups, who squander unfavorable policies, and represent minority groups.Although they have too much influence on policy, the existence of several(prenominal) interest groups ensures that their negotiations results in the best policies. Even so, the presence of too many special interest groups is bad because the government may fail to achieve anything substantial. They have other advantages too, such as misrepresentation of cultures, entirely the advantages of special interest groups make them good.From www.opensecrets.org, I learned about the influence of money on U.S. public policy and elections. Some politicians often finance most interest groups, and they use them to push their own schedule and political

Bond pricing and fund managemet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Bond pricing and farm animal managemet - Essay Examplethe amount of returns that an investor can earn from an investment, as well as the future changes as a result of economic risk associated with that particular investment can be established. For this reason, the above arch facilitates a significant comparison in shackles values.The term structure of interest rates is also the retort curve and is a central element in modern financial and monetary economics. It is the variation of the bonds surrender with identical risk profiles with these bonds terms2. The yield curve shows the relationship between bonds yield to maturity and the effective maturity. Bonds with continuing maturities are considered to have higher yields. However, there are also opinions that the yield curve may be flat showing that the yield curve remains the same irrespective of the bonds maturity. Also, in some cases, bonds with short maturities have their yield curves inverted implying that they are higher than those of long-term bonds3. Notes that the bonds yield curve is influenced by several(prenominal) factors among them the fiscal policies, inflation, economic conditions, tax policies, irrelevant exchange rates, expected forward rates, bonds credit rating and foreign capital inflows as well as outflows.The term structure of interest rates bears three acknowledgeable features. They include higher volatility of yields on short-term bonds than long-term bonds change in yields of various bonds travel in the same directions and the long-term bonds have higher yields. Several theories have been advanced to explain these characteristics. They are broadly classified as the market segmentation theory and expectations theories, which are the preferred habitat theory, the liquid state premium, and the pure expectation theory.Given that bonds have some set durations, sellers and buyers frequently have preferred maturities. The bond buyers prefer maturities that coincide with when they ne ed money or with their liabilities while the bond sellers want maturities

Balanced Scorecard Assignment Research Proposal

Balanced Scorecard fitting - Research Proposal ExampleThe objectives of the business can be classified under four diverse heads such as financial objectives, customer value objectives, internal operations objectives, learning and growth (employee) objectives.c) customer value The objective is to add value to customer through supply of whole tone products at trim back rate. It also aims to keep up the value and business ethics by following business strategy helpful to appealing the customers.a) Measure of bring performance The objective is to attain higher performance efficiency. The process should be capable of producing the product at minimum personify and time requirements while ensuring higher quality of product.c) Operations The objective is to attain maximum return on investment by reducing the cost of turnout and improving the production efficiency. Advanced production technology will be adopted for the production process for ensuring lower production cost with higher quality.Presentation of the strategic objectives of the business along with its inflection and targets by using balanced score card provides insights into the performance targets of the business. It helps to inform the organizational personnel rough their role in improving the business performance. Discussion of the strategic objectives by segmenting it under each different heads makes clear the role of each department of the organization towards the business performance

Wrigley Jr. Company Essay Example for Free

Wrigley junior Company micklevas1.0 IntroductionIn June 2002 Blanka Dobrynin, a managing director of Aurora Borealis hedge fund, considers the possible gains from increasing the debt gravidization of The Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company. Blanka suggests Wrigley raise the amount of $3 billion in debt of the hoodization while Wrigley has been conservatively financed and remained no debt at the end of 2001. This report is aiming to analyze whether Wrigley should use $3 billion debt recapitalization to all pay dividends or to repurchase shargons.2.0 Current Capital StructureGenerally, devoteds can choose among various capital structures in station to growth overall market value of the company. It is proposed however, that Wrigley issues $3 billion in debt.According to the trade-off theory, the best capital structure does exist (Kraus and Litzenberger, 1973). The higher aim of debt may adjoin both bankruptcy and financial live that lead the firm to go or avoid bankruptcy. Howeve r, there are several advantages of raising debt capital. Firstly, tax-deductions which slack the cost of debt. Secondly, channelholders do not have to share the profit when the firm has excess, as debt holders are check to their fixed return. Finally, stockholders do have voting right but debt holders do not which means the stockholders are controlling the business.3.0 The Impacts of Proposed ChangesThe decision to amplification $3 billion debt capitalization of the Wm. Wrigley Jr. Company by Blanka Dobrynin is to perfect the total value of the company. Firms are often inclined to choose debt over uprightness in order to use the tax casing.As the increasing of $3 billion debt in Wrigleys capital structure, its equity value leave increase by $1.2 billion due to the tax shield. Also this proposal of recapitalization go forth help Wrigleys equity decrease by only $1.8 billion when they payout $3 billion debt, due to the offset by the $1.2 billion tax shield.According to our c alculations, through recapitalization Wrigleys total asset will be $14,459,826, which consists of $3,157,127 debt and $11,302,699 equity. In normal, firms prefer to keep a higher level of debt/equity ratio to determine larger total capital to increase the firms total value. But it is obvious that to a greater extent debt means more risk and more payout.By assessing the spreadsheet, it suggests several reasons for and against the acquisition of debt. If the Wrigleys debt increases, its credit roam will drop from AAA to BB, which leads to more cost of future financing and value of stocks.However, as debt can increase firm value up to a degree, we commend that Wrigleys find an optimal capital structure through further analysis of whether $3 billion of debt provides the smallest possible Weighted Average personify of Capital (WACC) for the firm.3.1 Flexibility and ReservesAccording to Denis (2011), financial tractability is the ability of a firm to enforce rise decisions and ha ndle problems timely. Moreover, the firm should always maximize their firm value on any unheralded changes in investment opportunity and cash flows of the firm. In addition, the firm should prudently raise their capital in the computable times to avoid stretching their capabilities too far, and in order to preserve their ability to choose to either borrow or issue equity in future times of need. Therefore, the lower level of firms debt, the more financial flexibility a firm has (Investopedia, 2014).Due to that $3 billion pertly debt existing, the financial flexibility of Wrigley will decline this financial activity leads to lower ability to borrow gold in the future if there are any profitable investment opportunities or any unexpected internal or external shocks.3.2 The Book and Market Price per ShareAs is visible from the appurtenance One, the decision of how to use the funds elevated through debt is an important one as it will extend to both the damage per share and the b ook value per share. The price per share will decrease to $48.63 if the debt raised is used to pay out a dividend (decrease in the value of equity), whereas the price per share will increase to $61.53 if it is used to repurchase shares. However, the issuance of debt can have signalling final results for investors. Generally, when firms issue debt it signals to investors that the firm is in a good financial situation as the firm is able to undertake repayments of future interest.Furthermore, the clientele effect can impact the stock price because it assumes that the investors are attracted to the company for its policies and when these change the investors will react and do their stock accordingly (Moles Terry, 2005). In addition to this, the issuance of debt and repurchase of stock could signal to investors that managers believe the stock in undervalued.Despite this change in price, the Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) will give a more accurate representation of what the c hange in capital structure implies for the firm, by fetching account the costs of debt.3.3 Weighted Average Cost of CapitalBefore recapitalisation Wrigleys WACC was equal to its cost of equity (ke), which was calculated at 10.95%. After capitalisation it was found that Wrigleys WACC decreased to 10.29%. This follows the general pattern of increasing debt resulting in a lower WACC. The cost of debt (kd) rate of 13% was used later we assessed the key industrial financial ratios and comparedthem with that of Wrigleys (See Appendix 2) to conclude that it was in the range between the BB rate of 12.753% and B 14.663% (see Appendices 3 4). Although WACC has decreased, which means that every $1 that Wrigley raises in capital from investors it must pay at least $10.30 in return, its genus Beta has increased from 0.75 to 0.87. This means that Wrigleys investment is still less(prenominal) volatile than the market, but it has become more in line with the market after recapitalisation. Howeve r Beta will not in corporeal the risk of financial distress that becomes present once Wrigley have taken out the debt. 4.0 Conclusions and RecommendationsTherefore, from our analysis we know that an increase in debt can have adverse affects on flexibility and can have costs associated such as bankruptcy, agency and distress costs, however, due to the tax shield affects and the decrease in WACC we believe there should an increase in the level of debt. In addition, the share price change is not consistent with the change in WACC and it could be assumed that the distress costs associated with the increase in debt would mean the price would actually remain relatively steady to reflect the negligible change. We recommend that Wrigley issue $3 billion of debt in the form of share repurchase plan because this scenario has no formation impact upon WACC slightly decreasing from 10.95% to 10.29%, and as a companys main goal is to increase its shareholders value. Furthermore there are fewer risks in terms of clientele effect and signalling effect, while in like manner allowing the Wrigley family to maintain their control with their high portion of shares. However, we recommend further analysis to determine what is the optimal level of debt by finding the lowest possible WACC, and therefore maximising the companys value.5.0 Reference bring upDeAngelo, H., DeAngelo, L., Whited T.M., (2011) Capital structure dynamics and transitory debt. Journal of Financial economicals, 99, 235261.Denis, D J. (2011) Financial flexibility and corporate liquidity. Journal of Corporate Finance, 17(3), 667-674.Franco Modigliani Merton H. Miller . (Jun., 1958)The American Economic Review, Vol. 48, No. 3. , pp. 261-297.Investopedia. (2014). Complete Guide To Corporate Finance. Retrieved from http//www.investopedia.com/walkthrough/corporate-finance/5/capital-structure/capital-structure.aspxInvestopedia (2014). Optimal Capital Structure. ONLINE Available at http//www.investopedia.com/terms/ o/optimal-capital-structure.asp. Last Accessed 19 Aug 2014.Kraus, A. and R. Litzenberger (1973). A State-Preference model of optimal financial leverage. Journal of Finance, Vol. 28, pp. 911-922.Moles, P., Terry, N. (2005). Clientele effect. The Handbook of International Finance Terms. Retrieved from http//www.oxfordreference.com.ezp01.library.qut.edu.au/view/10.1093/acref/9780198294818.001.0001/acref-9780198294818-e-1351Myers, S.C. (2001). Capital structure. Journal of Economic Perspective, Vol. 15, pp. 81-102.Tsuji, C. (2012) A discussion on the signalling hypothesis of dividend poilcy. The Open Business Journal, 5, 1-7. Retrieved from http//benthamopen.com/tobj/articles/V005/1TOBJ.pdf

Female Circumcision Essay Example for Free

Female Circumcision EssayMany women in assorted parts of the world dumbfound faced circumcision, commonly known as Female genital Mutilation (FGM). Africa is a continent that has extensively reported cases of FGM, and early(a) parts of the world that places some indigenous horticulture, specially the Islamic reign Middle East countries. The age at which a woman undergoes FGM varies from one piece to an an another(prenominal)(prenominal), such that a child after being born could be subjected to FGM , while in other argonas, a woman who gets her first born is made to undergo the practice. The communities that practice this custom hold juicy regards for the practice as it demonstrates transition period to womanhood. at that placefore, this practice is made to ensure that a circumcised girl is taught the practices that would take to the woods her to being a good wife and mother (IRIN, 2009a). One commonality among the different members of the partnership who practice FGM is that the major aim is to make a woman remain a virgin until her marriage time, since the removal of her genitalia reduces her sexual desires.In most of the communities carrying out this practice, men prefer to marry circumcised women, meaning the pargonnts feel to make their daughters marriageable by circumcising them. Therefore, it can be argued that it is the men who make this practice to prosper. On the other hand, it is the role of the elder women, (mothers and grandmothers) to organize for the circumcision of the young girl, and in some aras, midwives encounters this role (IRIN, 2009a). This research paper exit thus look at how FGM has been practiced in Kenya and the fight against the practice among some communities that hold high-pitched regards for the practice.FGM in Kenya Despite laws being put in place to fight FGM, curiously the Childs auspices Act of 2001, this practice is still truly common and continues to be practiced in divers(a) parts of Kenya (IRIN, 2 009b). Even though there ar many organizations in the country to educate the communities on the dangers of the practice, still the practice has not been stopped and to some extends being practiced underground. However, there nonplus been increase campaigns by versatile bodies unneurotic with the law enforcement agents to imbibe that the practice comes to an end. Kenyan women are circumcised as a rite to passage into womanhood.Many girls in Kenya who come from the communities that practice FGM do not continue with their education. This is because the significance a girl undergoes this practice, she is deemed to be fit and ready to get married. It is because of this that there are several communities that mystify as young as between twelve and fourteen years getting married to very old men so long as the men are able to pay bride price. It has glowering out that men are using their daughters to get wealth through bride price paid and then a girl circumcised is worth more pric e than uncircumcised girl.Because of this attachment, some girls are found to voluntarily undertake the practice since it is presumed to increase a womans respect (IRIN, 2009b). Maasai is one of the indigenous communities in Kenya that get to strongly held to the FGM practice. There are many people from the conjunction (both men and women) who are highly educated, except are afraid to talk openly against the vice in the community because of the fear of social repercussion, curiously for placeers who want to get elective posts like in politics. Community members believe that one cannot be a true Maasai if they are not circumcised.Among the Maasai, FGM is considered to bring honor to the circumcised and her family. This is because such a girl is suitable for marriage, which raises her status and the family in general. There have been increased criticism from the international community against the Maasai practice, but the community hangs on the practice, despite the government o f Kenya criminalizing FGM. The Maasai community does not hold any regards for uncircumcised woman in the confederacy no matter her level of education or even the post she holds in the society.It is even frightful to find that some male candidates in Kenyan politics use the issue of FGM against women who are not circumcised claiming they are not fit to be in public offices. Such issues make fighting FGM to be a very difficult task (IRIN, 2009b). Even though there are many hardliners who have stood in the way of fighting FGM, the efforts of those fighting the practice has started to bear fruits in Kenya, and especially among the Maasai communities. There are some aspects that are associated with FGM that the community has slowly been changing.For instance, the practice involved the use of one injure for circumcising various girls. But because of the teachings stiring HIV/Aids, the circumcisers have been convinced that it is dangerous to be using a single knife for several people, and have thus started using a single knife for each girl. There are only a few circumcisers who still use one knife for different girls, according to a survey done by Maendeleo Ya Wanawake (MYWO), a women organization that has been at the forefront campaigning against FGM in Kenya.Although this dislodge appears, slight, it is a show in the right direction that the Maasai community can be convinced to spay unnecessary and harmful cultural practices to the better course of the society at large (IRIN, 2009b). There are various measures that have been put in place by the organizations fighting the FGM practice in Kenya to see that this practice comes to an end. One mode has been the introduction of the alternative rites of passage.In this practice, all the activities, teachings and practices that the girls are undertaken during the circumcision period are taught to the girls who are of age to be circumcised, but excluding the practice of cutting their genitalia. MYWO has held these al ternative rites passage practice annually among different communities in Kenya. In these activities, girls are taught traditional methods of becoming a good woman, while other formal education programs are again incorporated into the teachings.There are many communities that have select this system of alternative rites of passage, but among the Maasai communities, it has been received with a lot of mixed reactions, thus only make limited success. The concern and the major reason for the Maasai and other communities to practice FGM is basically to reduce sexual urge among the girls, so that they can remain pure until their marriage time , and once married, be faithful to their husbands.This concern does not seem to be raised in the case of using alternative rites of passage (IRIN, 2009b). spectral leaders have also of late been at the forefront in the fight against FGM practice. Moslem dominated region of North Eastern Kenya has been also known to have high percentage of female circumcision. However, of late, the Muslim religious leaders have taken up the initiative to teach their followers of the importance of doing forth with FGM practices. The religious leaders campaigns mostly on Fridays when they offer the religious teachings.The leaders have played a major role in informing the women that FGM is not an Islamic requirement, so has to be abandoned. The council of Imams and other Muslim religious leaders has chosen to be undertaking their campaigns on Fridays because it is the time many Muslims gather together as community for their prayers. This is also considered a cheap approach of reaching many people, than having to undertake high-ticket(prenominal) workshops in hotels (IRIN, 2007). Like the Maasai, the campaigns in the North Eastern Kenya have received mixed reactions among the community members.There are those who feel that the practice should be stopped, while others feel that the practice is aimed at protecting the girls, hence it has to be preserved at all costs. Many girls in the North Eastern region of Kenya lead miserable lives since they are forced to get married immediately they are circumcised, and they do also have poor lives to lead in their marriage, since they face problems like divorce, for not satisfying their husbands sexually and birth link problems associated with FGM practice (IRIN, 2007).Conclusion Kenyan government made FGM an illegal offence when it passed the childs protection Act of 2001, but due lack of enforcement of the law by prosecuting the those who carry out the practice, FGM has continued among different communities like the Maasai who hold a lot of regards to their rituals, hence living according to the traditional rules and refuse to tangle modernization.Nevertheless, with the increased activities of the outside world within the communities practicing FGM, their influence is slowly changing the perspective of the community especially among the younger educated generation who do not wa nt their daughters to undergo the practice like themselves or their wives. Therefore, this practice is bound to come to an end, but it will take time to change the minds of the indigenous people. course credit IRIN (2007). KENYA Religious leaders join anti-FGM fight, retrieved on 25th February 2009 from, http//www. globalexchange.org/countries/africa/kenya/4648. html. IRIN (2009a). In-Depth Razors Edge The Controversy of Female Genital Mutilation. AFRICA When culture harms the girls the globalisation of female genital mutilation, retrieved on 25th February 2009 from http//www. irinnews. org/IndepthMain. aspx? IndepthId=15ReportId=62462. IRIN (2009b). In-Depth Razors Edge The Controversy of Female Genital Mutilation. KENYA FGM among the Maasai community of Kenya, retrieved on 25th February 2009 from http//www. irinnews. org/InDepthMain. aspx? InDepthId=15ReportId=62470Country=Yes.

KTG leader ship Essay Example for Free

KTG leader ship EssayIntroductionAn environmental analysis in st set outgic moldment plays a rattling importantrole in businesses by pinpointing current and potential opportunities or threats away the company in its external environment. The external environment includes political, environmental, proficient and sociological events or trends that discount affect the business directly or indirectly.The main objective in this report is an environmental analysis apply every last(predicate) the factors and analyzing tools , generally conducted as part of an analysis of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats ( machinate) when a strategic plan is being positive. Managers practicing strategic management must conduct an environmental analysis quarterly, semi-annually, or annually, depending on the nature of the businesss attention focusing on the followings Analyzing factors effectiveness on our organization as maven of the biggest group in the health c be functio n in the region. Organization sources and competitors.Organization values chain construction. dress up analysis evaluation.Ref http//www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-role-of-environmental-analysis-in-strategic-management.htm , 20143.ANALYSING FACTOR EFFECTIVENESS3.1 Macro Environment AnalysisOne of the dress hat tools for considering trends in the Macro environment is the PESTEL analysis. (Figure 1)Figure 13.1.1Political factorsSince we argon located here in the UAE, we see no taxation and this is wholeness of the strength point we argon depend on. but at the same metre our administration squad non recognizing that the minimum wages should be increased comparingwith the early(a) facilities and infirmarys in our region as a big competitors.3.1.2EconomicEconomic factors include economic growth, interest grade, exchange rates and the inflation rate. These factors have major collisions on how businesses operate and make decisions. For example, interest rates affect a firms cost of capital and thitherfore to what extent a business grows and expands. Exchange rates affect the cost of exporting goods and the summate and price of imported goods in an economy.And since our organization as privet health tuition celerity, found on the profit rate it takes in the consideration all these factors especially after it involved in the stock market last grade. Beside that the cutting plan is to minimize the expenses that related to the interest exchange rate by following the centralization policy. ex. making unitary laboratory for all branches with a very controlled battery-acid system for sending the patients samples to the centralized laboratory instead of having a separate laboratory in apiece branch3.1.3SocialOur organization as one of the privet hospitals in the region , is giving all the healthy activities, health c are providing, never giving any changing as a demographic trends. We are doing outside activities supporting some certain people those who hav e a inveterate unsoundness like the diabetic patients to have more and more knowledge about themselves and how to take care about it. Ref(CBS course , issue 2 , page 5)3.1.4TechnologyWe are depending on the development of new technology to maintain rivalrousness. Ex(opening new plane section of the Nuclear medicine for early Cancers diagnostics )3.1.5 Environmentfactors include ecological and environmental aspects such as weather, modality, and climate change, which may especially affect industries such as tourism, farming, and insurance. Furthermore, ontogenesis awareness of the potential impacts of climate change is affecting how companies operate and the products they offer, both creating new markets and diminishing or destroying existing ones. Ref http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PEST_analysis fit to our national regulations and environmental roles ,we are following the EHSMS(Emirates Health Safety Management System).3.1.6 Legalinclude divergence law, consumer law, antitrust law, employment law, and health and safety law. These factors can affect how a company operates, its costs, and the demand for its products.The religious services in the hospital is the same for all patients and the priority is only for the urgent and emergency cases only not harmonise to the nationality, color or any other discrimination issues. And on the other side there is a special track for the VIP patients ,giving the best quality to be the first choice in the region as a privet hospital.3.2 micro Environment AnalysisOne of the best tools for considering trends in the Micro environment is the porter analysis. (Figure 2)Figure 2Porter five forces analysis is a framework for industry analysis and business dodge development. It d edgeds upon industrial organization (IO) economicsto derive five forces that determine the agonistical intensity and therefore attractiveness of a market. Attractiveness in this context refers to the overall industry profitability. An unpresentable industry is one in which the combination of these five forces acts to drive down overall profitability. A very unattractive industry would be one approaching pure tilt, in which available profits for all firms are driven to normal profit. This analysis is associated with its principal innovator Michael E. Three of Porters five forces refer to contest from external sources. The remainder are internal threats.3.2.1 Threat of Substitute Products or advantagesA backing is a product that performs the same or similar function as some other product. Microeconomics teaches that the more substitutes a product has, the demand for the product catchs more elastic. Elastic demand means increased consumer price esthesia which equates to less certainty of profits. For example, public-transportation is a substitute for driving a car, and e-mail is a substitute for authorship letters. Conditions that increase the threat of substitutes are 1.2.1.1 An attractive price of substitutes Our organ ization as a privet health care facilty depends on the insurance companies in how much they are fixing the prices of the services and products, but they are move to do some trade using special prices for the labors in some company by doing all-inclusive checkup examination for those people who dont broaden by insurance.1.2.1.2 Increased quality of substitutes Our facility is trying to bring forth the best quality to be the first choice in the region in the privet health care sector. Focusing more and more to follow the highest external standards like the JCIA (Joint Commission of international accreditation) ,CAP(Collage of American Pathologist) and the ISO ..Etc 1.2.1.3 Low switching costs to consumers our Administration is not switching the cost to the consumers since they are covered by health insurance. But sometimes they are switching the costs to the supply by minimizing the staff without enough study to the work load or stopping the annual increments.3.2.2 . Threat of E ntry economic markets that yield high returns allow attract new firms. This results in many new entrants, which eventually will decrease profitability for all firms in the industry. Unless the compliance of new firms can be blocked by incumbents (which in business refers to the largest company in a certain industry, for instance, in telecommunications, the traditional phone company, typically called the incumbent operator), the abnormal profit rate will trend towards zero (perfect competition). The following factors can have an effect on how much of a threat new entrants may pose The existence of barriers to entry (patents, rights, etc.). The most attractive segment is one in which entry barriers are high and exit barriers are low. Few new firms can enter and non-performing firms can exit easily. Government policyCapital requirementsinfrangible costCost disadvantages independent of sizeEconomies of scaleEconomies of product differencesProduct differentiationBrand rightSwitching c osts or sunk costsExpected retaliationAccess to distribution guest loyalty to established brandsIndustry profitability (the more profitable the industry the more attractive it will be to new competitors)Rivalry Between Established competitorsRivalry refers to the degree to which firms respond to competitive moves of the other firms in the industry. Rivalry among existing firms may manifestitself in a number of ways- price competition, new products, increased levels of customer service, warranties and guarantees, advertising, better networks of wholesale distributors, and so on. The degree of rivalry in and industry is a function of a number of interacting structural features Rivalry tends to intensify as the number of competitors increases and as they firms stimulate more equal in size and capability. mart rivalry is usually stronger when demand for the product is growing slowly. Competition is more intense when rival firms are tempted to mathematical function price cuts or other marketing tactics to boost unit volume. Rivalry is stronger when the costs incurred by customers to switch their purchases from one brand to another are low.Market rivalry increases in proportion to the size of the payoff from a successful strategic move. Market rivalry tends to be more vigorous when it costs more to guide out of a business than to stay in and compete. Rivalry becomes more volatile and unpredictable the more diverse competitors are in terms of their strategies, their personalities, their corporate priorities, their resources, and their countries of origin. Rivalry increases when strong companies outside the industry acquire weak firms in the industry and lunch aggressive, well-funded moves to transform their newly-acquired firms into major market contenders.Two principles of competitive rivalry are curiously important (1) a powerful competitive strategy used by one company intensifies competitive pressures on the other companies, and (2) the manner in which rivals employ various competitive weapons to try to outmaneuver one another shapes the rules of competition in the industry and determines the requirements for competitive success. Since our hospital is the biggest hospital in the area, it depends in the competition on increasing the branches in all areas inside and outside the city for more than 8 branches say by the corporate home in the Capital.3.2.4 Bargaining Power of Customers3.2.4.1 Markets for OutputsSelling goods or services to customers (distributors, customers or other manufacturers) Customers influence dependent upon importance of products to them their bargaining power We have a marketing team of 4 members working under the supervision of the corporate office , handling all the outputs issues like the chronic patients disease health care activates offering free of charge checkup (ex. diabetic patients..)3.2.4.2 Markets for InputsPurchasing raw materials, components and financial labor services. The same team also coopera ting with the purchasing department to loseher working to get the best quality materials for the lowest prices in order to minimize the costs. And that will allow the hospital to give more best services more than the other competitors.3.2.5 Bargaining Power of SuppliersThe power balance among organization and supplier is similar to the relationship between organization and customer The organization becomes the customer and the manufacturing business of the inputs it requires are the suppliers Some small groups of suppliers may form cartels or cooperatives to increase their bargaining strength Suppliers use leverage such as threats to raise prices or reduce quantity or quality of goods they supplyWe are depending on the process comparison in the market and to services the suppliers will provide to us. In the opposite side, we are a customer for the suppliers and since we are the biggest customer in the privet sector we can manage the deal according to our needs.3.3 FormulatingFormul ating is phase one in the strategic cookery process and according tothe plat below We can see that it plays a very important in taking the best decisions and actions to action the objective of the organization. In our hospital there are many plans in how to make all these decisions become a real. At the beginning of each new year , we are making our plan projects for the beside 12 months And everyone have to achieve his planed objectives as individual under the umbrella of the administration and corporate office objectives. And at the end of the year will have an assessment to check how many objectives he reached , according to his work assessment will get his increment , so that will let him work harder during the year to achieve the organization objectives.Figure 3Ref(CBS course , subject 1 , page 12).3.3.1 Organization sources and competitors Our hospital sources is strong enough to be a strong competitor in the market depending on shell medical companies as materials provid ers.Best marketing plans based on the corporate marketing plans. Patients (as a customers ) accept all the insurance cards at the time that some other hospitals dont pass judgment all patients.3.3.2 Organization value chain constructionValue chain is a template that identifies the activities of a company from raw materials to customer, the value added by each activity and the cost of each activity, and that facilitates implementation of business-level strategy . Ref ( CBS Strategic Management Topic 3 Page6)The axiom is true that you never get a second chance to make a good first impression, and hospitals have many opportunities to do so. Or not. At several junctures along the trek of accessing services, the patient confronts a series of opportunities to continue in the system or not, based on the success of the interaction. These touchpoints are not created equal, and it is important to know which has the superlative impact. Here, we can focus the Service Line Growth strategy. As a tool to understand the impactof each touchpoint, value-chain service analysis maps the process to help us decide where to focus strategic intent. hospital business planning adapts a model developed by Michael Porter, who defines the value chain as a means to analyze an organizations strategically relevant activities to understand how to influence performance and cost.He breaks the activities of the firm into primary and support activities. Primary activitieswhich, for most firms involves inbound and outbound logistics, operations, sales and marketingare supported by an infrastructure of underlying support activities, including HR, IT, and purchasing. How the product or service is ultimately developed and delivered to the customer depends on the effective interaction of these variable activities. The hospital value chain is diverse and complex. Our service offerings are far from clear cut, varying sharply between service lines. Each specialty and disease category has a distinct va lue chain to be flowcharted and analyzed prior to understanding where we can impact choice by creating value. In most cases this is at the physician referral point where patients make initial decisions.This may be a primary care physician or a specialty care physician who is directly involved in managing the hospital encounter. In most cases, it is the loyalty of the physicians and their attitude towards the hospital that determines the direction of the process. This analysis is a good tool for getting stakeholders on the same page. It helps focus planning efforts and gets to the key issue of where to go and what to do. This leads us to the questionwhat business are we in, and where do we strategically insufficiency to focus our efforts, which is the essence of strategy.Figure 44.1 Strengths (Internal Factors)The hospital key strengths are the followingLong stand up Reputation was the previous monopoly Company in the industry Government Affiliated trusted in the MarketMost skill ed employees in the industry generated good client relations4.2 Weaknesses (Internal Factors)The main functional areas of weakness are the followingProduction Costs in comparison to competitorsProfit Margins in comparison to competitorsService Delivery poor operational functionsLoss of Contracts lack of continual Contract retentionCompany elaboration disconnected, divided, tall organisation structure HR Policies Procedures poor employee retention, lack of career development, low morale inadequacy of MIS no common management information systems in place across functions. Brand Identity/ shape lack of Marketing departmentConclusionThe main objective is the consideration of the external and internal analyzing factors, using all the analyzing tools and studies like PORTER, SWOT and all other analyzing international methods.This report explained clearly the essential compulsory methods for analyzing using the practical example of my organization (Privet Hospital), how to mak e the competitive advantages and how to use all the efforts to get the best analyzing results. After the analyzing how can we use our strength points to be the first choice in the market and how to fructify the weakness points to avoid any problem in the future.In the light of the above there are essential factors which might be affecting in any organization , so we have to cover all the points that I mentioned about it before like Analyzing factors effectiveness on our organization as one of the biggest group in the healthcare services in the region. Organization sources and competitors.Organization values chain construction.SWOT analysis evaluation.6. Referenceshttp//www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-role-of-environmental-analysis-in-strategic-management.htm , 2014 (http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PEST_analysis) , 2014CBS course , question 2 , page 5 , 2014http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PEST_analysis , 2014http//www.oshad.ae/en/sectors/healthsector/Pages/ehsmsrequirements.aspx, 2014 http// www.dineshbakshi.com/igcse-business-studies/external-environment/revision-notes/63-external-environment-factors, 2014 http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porter_five_forces_analysis ,7 March 2014) http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porter_five_forces_analysisThreat_of_new_entrants, 2014 http//www.strategy-formulation.24xls.com/en114CBS course , topic 2 , page 17 , 2014CBS course , topic 2 , page 20 , 2014CBS course , topic 1 , page 12 , 2014CBS Strategic Management Topic 3 Page6 , 2014http//healthcarestrategicadvantage.blogspot.ae/2007/11/value-chain-analysis.html , 2014 Strategic Management Unit 306 (CBS) , 2014

Earth and Planet Essay Example for Free

Earth and Planet EssayGod pull in our orbiter state for us to have a home so we have to take cover of our artificial satellite because God gave it to us and if we dont take care of our planet someday our planet earth impart be destroy or it allow be gone. We have to protect our record specially the trees because if we dont protect our nature and if we cut down all the trees we will bear stronger floods and typhoon that will destroy our planet. We can save our planet earth by simply throwing your slobber in the right place not in the river or in the streets.If we throw our garbage in the river it will be stock and if there is a typhoon the flood will go higher than we expected because of the garbage that is stock in the river so we have to practice our selves not throwing garbage anywhere but in the right place only. For me its very important to protect our planet because God entrusted the planet earth to us so we have to protect it and love it. We can save our planet b y fillet the mining companys because if the mining in the earth continues someday the mountains in the earth will destroy and will cause a flashflood that people will be getting pain or die. So if we want to live longer in this earth we have to protect our planet and save it before its too late.

Outsourcing To India And China Essay Example for Free

Outsourcing To India And chinaware EssayOutsourcing can be defined as transferring the jobs from the UK to India, China and other third world or low wage countries. in that location are many advantages of outsourcing. The following paragraphs explain the relationship of outsourcing and the supply and beseech economics theory(Cooke, 2005 pp 173 -180). BODY It is better business senses for multinational companies now outsource from many ontogeny countries (like China and India). In fact, many organizations in the unify Kingdom have outsourced their operations, set up, maintenance of their computer systems and networks and production to other countries. A purview done on 162 European firms showed that half of the interviewed companies had outsourced most of their information technology jobs. These outsourced contracts form only 24 percent of Information engineering jobs. Definitely this had climbed up to 36 percent in 1998 in the coupled Kingdom alone. The main reason for th e increase in outsourcing is the corporate priority to reduce labor and sensible costs. For, it costs higher to pay a European worker to do the kindred jobs in the United Kingdom (Bounfour 2003 pp. 84 -92).Likewise, production, call center and other jobs outsourced to China or India would cost less in terms of labor and raw materials (Richardson 1999 pp. 74-94). Evidently, it is close business senses for multinational companies now outsource from many developing countries. (Domberger 1998 p. 84 -90). It is good and big for the UK economy for multinational companies now outsource from many developing countries (like China and India). Outsourcing is good because the public can buy the same quality products at demoralize prices. It is also good because lower labor cost go out increase net profits.It is bad for the UK labor sector. Outsourcing has changed the press bespeak in the UK. Outsourcing has caused the labour jobs especially in the manufacturing sector to decline in the UK and other European totality member states such as France and Germany according to the study by Hijzen et al in 2005. Thus, the imported products and raw materials from low wage third world countries has greatly affected the UK companies charter for European manufacturing and Information Technology workers for the period 1995 to 2000. Also, outsourcing has caused a . 6 percent employment in the European Union countries.Obviously, it is good and bad for the UK economy for multinational companies now outsource from many developing countries (Barrell, Choy and Kirby 2006 pp 63 -67). There are gainers and losers from outsourcing UK jobs. First, the nation hired to do the outsourcing jobs in India, China and other third world and low wage countries will gain from outsourcing contracts. The companies that outsource the jobs will gain because now they will pay lesser labour bribe for the same quality job.And, it costs lesser to outsource to China, India and other countries because t he raw materials there are unimpeachably cheaper. Further, the biggest gainers here are the entire UK and EU market because they can now buy the goods at lower prices as a result of some outsourcing companies reduction of their selling prices brought about by the lower labour and materials costs and expenses(Lever, 1997 pp. 37-42. The losers are the workers in the United Kingdom and the European Union member states because they are flake a losing battle to the low wage workers in outsourcing country recipients.But the biggest losers are the competitors in the UK and EU market because the UK company that has outsourced production and IT jobs can now lower their selling prices and still earn the same old profit margins which their competitors in the same industry cannot afford to for fear of losing money(Maromonte, 1998 pp. 13-25). Economics supply and demand theory states that as the prices of goods decrease, then the demand for the products will increase. Glaringly, there are gain ers and losers from outsourcing UK jobs.Outsourcing has many advantages and disadvantages.The supply and demand theory explains that outsourcing jobs will increase demand for products being sold because prices of goods will decline. The competitors and UK work workers are the sterling(prenominal) losers from outsourcing. The UK and EU market(customers) and the company that have outsourced jobs are the greatest winners from outsourcing. Conclusively, outsourcing will benefit more people (market) than if it is not implemented. UK business, including the competitors must now jump into the boat of outsourcing to survive until the next century.

Simple picture Essay Example for Free

Simple picture EssayI believe Art is something that tin non truly be defined. Art might be thought of as barely a simple picture to hang on the wall. However, Art arouse be m both different things and stringent many different things to one. My personal definition of Art would be anything created by someone. Art can admit a huge variety of different things. Art can be paintings, sculptures, photographs, drawings, illustrations, architecture, furniture, music, poetry. I also timbre that choreography could be considered an art form. One of my favorite types of Art is crafts. Not everyone might agree crafting as Art besides it is something created by a person. I love crafting beca give it is a form of Art that any age can do from a baby to an elderly person who might not be in their best state. Crafting could include clothing design, shoe design, crocheting and knitting, among otherwises. There are even things we use every day that we would not think of as Art that often st arted out as Art. standardized silver ware or an office machine, most things start out on paper.Art is something that can be interpreted in so many different styles and as you can see there are so many different things that can be thought of as Art. The way art looks, feels, and the ideas it brings to mind all three go together. rt can be a very therapeutical way to deal with emotions people may not be able to express any other way. I think any work that touches us on an emotional level brings us gratification or anger, tears or laughter is art. Whenever I find a piece of art fire all three of the factors usually come into play. Those three qualities are crucial for me.Obviously if you can not see the art how are you going to know how it makes you feel, if you it does not bring anything to your mind then how do you know how it makes you feel. What is in the art, the content, is what it all goes back to and what everything is based on. Artists can take anything and put their o wn sophisticate on it and call it Art. When it comes down to it, everyone has their own opinion of what a piece of Art means to them but only the artist knows the truth behind the work. All in all, art is everywhere one just has to have their eyes open, get in touch with their feelings, and enjoy it.

Experiential Learning Essay Example for Free

Experiential Learning Essay growing up in a s step forwardhern state with traditional family and religious values has made transitioning into college disembodied spirit a bit difficult. Questioning myself and my own bias from my experiences in life is an ongoing process, as I wonder is it me? or its possible that I aroma strongly about issues because my values and ethics rule all. I feel as if I move from a state of motionless to aggressive in my actions just as I do my own state of internal feeling of who I am. some whiles I feel like I have been treated unfairly both as a child and now, simply for being female. In my actions I sometimes pretend that this does not b some other me and that a womans place is in the home, being a good mother and wife, bit other times I lash out when this is expected of me from my church, family, and some facets of society. I struggle in this passive aggressive way in my own religion too. As a Baptist, sometimes I feel like the teachings are tr ue and correct and that social issues, such as homosexuality are unenviable and need to be fixed.Other times, however, I feel like homosexuality and other sibylline social issues brought up in the church should not be treated like diseases and we have no business trying to cure others. Growing up white, female, and very religious, I was taught ideals that seemed to contradict themselves. The most historied cases were of bulk in indigence. We were not a poor family, but I would see a broad majority of spate in my state of Tennessee living in very unpleasant conditions. From teachings of the church and my family, I was taught to wait on those, who cannot help themselves.But, the irony was that most conservative people around believed that everyone could help themselves and that their state of poverty was simply due to laziness. I remember thinking that I was just a kid and had no control over my home life and that these other impoverished kids I would see could not help their situation any more that I could. So it was confusing that no one seemed to go out of their way (with a few exceptions) to help poor people back home. We were, also, expected to treat people equally and not have any hate in our hearts for anyone for any reason.It wasnt transparent to my friends and I that our parents were in any way bigoted toward minorities, because they didnt use racial slurs or openly discuss their dislike for other races. But, when my friends and I started becoming older and noticing boys, our parents wouldnt hide their shock when we give tongue to that we had an attraction for a boy of another race. Then I realized that my parents did not believe in interracial relationships and for awhile I thought that it was not racist, but now I see that my fostering was all twisted together with racism, sexism, and contempt for the poor and homosexuality.Like many southern girls, I was supposed to find a nice man to marry and going to college was the way to find this ma n. My family and the society I grew up in had all these expectations of me, hidden agendas, and covert prejudices that I am still trying to envision fully. I want to be treated like an intelligent woman, whose ideas have merit. I get so angry and feel aggressive when people believe that college is just a hobby and that I am here just to find Mr.Right, I am tired of all the years of acting the passive role of the quiet and complacent southern belle. I, also, want to widen my base of friends to include people who do not let religion become a barrier to their lives. Many times from what I have seen in the church, people mindlessly believe what the preacher says and dont take time to understand that everyone is human and should be treated fairly. I wish I had the courage to go to say to people, who are homosexual, but I still cant. This is one of the goals I am working on now.

Identify the Diffenent Reasons People Communicate Essay Example for Free

Identify the Diffenent Reasons People Communicate EssayWe lead to communicate with others in order to be able to successfully carry out daily activities, especially in the drill place. This asshole be done in many different forms and have lordly and negative effects. Being aw atomic number 18 of these forms and implementing them is life-sustaining when working with young clawren and adults.People communicate in both personal and professional capacitites for a manikin of different yards. In a work setting people may communicate to build relationships confirm relationships gain and share information gain reassurance and realisation to express needs and feelings and to share thoughts and ideas. Building relationships can be a simple form of communication such as a smile/ agitate/ hello when we first meet a new parent/child. Each time we do this we are maintaining a relationship with the parent/child, although this may not be strictly for a professional reason, for example asking what they are doing tonight? By building and maintaining relationships via communication we are gaining information, which by overlap will help in the way we work, for example with children, parents and other professionals. We can also provide trust, reassurance and acknowledgement by praising, physical reassurance by providing eye contact or by taking an interest in what they are doing.People also communicate in order to express their needs and/or feelings. As humans most of us need to do this and we should respect and allow a childs need to as well, if they dont have the opportunity to do this they can become real frustrated. The same applies to being creative by sharing their ideas and thoughts as children and young people will need to share these with others.Read moreDescribe the different ways that people communicateessayL.O 1.2 explain how communication affects relationships in the work settingCommunication is vital in the work setting as it helps to try out good r elationships with young people, children, their families and colleagues, and these are essential in order to be able to work effectively with them. Relationships and communication skills compliment each other, therefore carers who have good communication skills are more likely to have good relationships with children, parents and other adults. We communicate via body language and facial expressions and relationships are influenced by this.Relationships and communication is pivotal in the early years sector. By sharing and gaining information, for example, on a childs feelings, routine and/or long term health we can help establish different needs and/or the need for intervention. We can also help the child settle in more easily, as when they feel comfortable with us so will their parents and vice versa, this also helps the child feel more relaxed which in turn helps them play and learn more effectively and benefit from it. As pointed out on www.helpguide.org it can alsoimprove relati onships at home, work and in social situations by deepening your connections to others, and improving team work, decision making, caring and problem solving.By working together as a team via communicating, job satisfaction can be gained as can easier transitions if the child is move from one setting to another.Communication is something that we do in our everyday life in every grammatical case of setting. We can build and maintain relationships from this with a variety of people. This in turn can have positive or negative effects on the things we do. By communicating via facial expressions, body language or verbally we are establishing and maintaining relationships with their practitioner as it can help identify needs, spot things that occur repeatedly and help the child develop holistically, therefore it is essential that we all communicate effectively.

Indias Space Programme Essay Example for Free

Indias topographic point Programme EssayThe country is immediately capable of instauration its own distancecraft. In fact, it offers this service to many other countries. Now India has made confines progress with the launch of Chandrayan for its moon mission. India started its space program with the launch of initial space beam Aryabhatta on April 19, 1975. This space transmit was named after the great Indian astronomer and mathematician of the 5th century, Aryabhatta. It was launched from a soviet cosmodrome with the serve of a Soviet projectile. It marked Indias giant leap and made her the eleventh country to colligate the space club. The second satellite Bhaskara was launched on June 7, 1979. It was also launched from a Soviet cosmodrome. It was named after two mellow personalitiesBhaskara I and Bhaskara II. It was followed by Rohini. It was the first Indian satellite put into the space by SLV-III, an Indian rocket. It was launched from Sriharikota in Andhra Prad esh on July 9, 1980. It was developed by the scientists of ISRO.It was the success of the mission of SLV-III which brought recognition to the space programme of India. Indias fourth part satellite Rohini II was launched by the launch vehicle SLV-III from Sriharikota on May 31, 1981. It was designed to provide back upful data for 300 days. It was weighted 38 kg. It was k flatn as Indias first development rocket flight. Unfortunately, it burnt in space on June 8, 1981, without completing its mission. Bhaskara II, Indias fifth satellite in space, was launched on November 20, 1981 from Soviet cosmodrome Volgograd. It was the earth observation satellite. It was a milestone in the space journey of India as it brought to India the repay of being a space nation. Apple, an experimental geostationary communication satellite, was launched on June 19, 1981. It was launched with French coordination. With this, India entered the domestic satellite communication era. India launched INSAT-1A on April 10, 1982. India joined the select group of technically advanced countries. But this mission failed on September 6, 1982. In April 1983, India successfully launched Rohini satellite (RS-D-2).It marked the opening of new horizons for India. Indias ninth satellite INSAT-1B became fully operational in October 1983. It was the worlds first geo-stationary satellite combining services comparable telecommunication, mass communication and meteorological. It was launched in August 1983 from US Space Shuttle Challenger. Indias space programme is primarily driven by the vision of great scientist Dr. Vikram Sarabhai. He is considered as the Father ofIndian Space Programme. The main objective of Indias space programme has been to promote the development of application of Space cognizance and technology for socio-economic benefits of the country. The launching of Chandrayan I in 2008 marked a milestone in the history of space technology of India. Chandrayan entrust orbit around the earth for two years. During the period, it will send data to scientists.The scientists with the help of the data will study various aspects of moon, and will prepare a map of the moon. The map will further help in the study of moon. Then onward India made successive progress in the field of space research. It launched INSAT series satellite which made Indias position stronger in the comity of nation. India has now become self-reliant in terms of launching vehicles and telecommunications. Now India offers telecommunication services to other countries. The launching of satellites like IRSs, ASLVs, PSLVs have placed India in the exclusive club of four nationsUSA, Russia, France and Israel. Captain Rakesh Sharma was the first astronaut of India. Now the country enjoys a respectful position in the countries of the world.

Classical vs. Keynsian Economics Essay Example for Free

Classical vs. Keynsian Economics EssayThere are several authoritative factors that differentiate Classical from Keynesian scotchs. Classical economics stays true to the laissez-faire concept of no establishment mediation in businesses with the assumption that the prudence will work itself out. Keynesian economics, on the different hand, revolves around deficit spending and the belief that essentially in the long run, were all issue to die. Both schools of economics take a different stance on the behavior of consumers, monetary policy, and government spending. Classical economists, in essence, monitor what is currently transpiring in the economy. They believe that the economy is unchangeable and self-sustaining because in the long run, the market supposedly automatically adjusts to booms and busts. This principle is heavily influenced by the date of reference of industrialization during and after. In a Classical economic model, economists consent individuals actions and desires, thus allowing prices to fluctuate based on that individuals needs.Says Law explicates this phenomenon by saying that supply creates its own demand and in result, the economy is stimulated when much goods are produced. Furthermore, Classicalists do not act with fiscal policies and strongly believe the whimsey that government spending impedes a nations economic growth Keynesian economists believe that the government is imperfect and is not able to sustain itself so government interference is not only beneficial, just also crucial to mediate the economy. Their stance on fiscal policy is to either contract or expand the economy with specific tools depending on the gap in the economy. In a Keynesian economic model, economists rely on government spending to jumpstart an economy if it was dragged down into a depression.When there is a lack of growth, the government should stimulate demand. Personally, I would agree with Classical economics, but with all the assumptions presen t it is close to impossible to side with them. Most of the assumptions are not true and are essential to accurately respect a solution to economic problems. For instance, President Ronald Reagan was big on thetheory of hands-off business, yet he plundered the nation into the most drastic deficit more than all of his predecessors combined.Not having government intervention is nearly impossible since there is always a need to mediate the economy. I would side more with Keynesian economics since there is almost always a practical solution to a problem. In other words, it is like an algorithm you need so much to get the desired output. For instance, in the wide Depression of 2008, the government efficiently used expansionary fiscal policy to boost the economy. Government spending was vastly increased, as well as taxes. Our economy was gradually remedied by the policies that were enacted upon, thus my reason for siding with Keynesian economics.

Examining The Roles Of Moral Entrepreneurs Media Essay

Examining The Roles Of Moral Entrepreneurs Media Essay on that point be plastered powerful woodpeckers much(prenominal) as lesson entrepreneurs and/or social rule agents that atomic number 18 said to contribute to the development of clean- financial backing panics in a troupe (Becker, 1963147 Cohen, 198085). This essay willing consider that bountifulness as a news economic value appears to be the major tool finished which honourable panics ar developed in a night club (Cohen, 198031). The essay will commence with a apprise background and definition of key terms such as news determine, amplitude and lesson panics, non necessarily in the same sequence. Then using relevant research sources, this essay will canvass the role that the news value of amplitude plays in the development of moral panics. Furthermore, the reasons for this kind of journalism will be considered by carefully analysing the issues of interest and morality. Finally, the essay will consider the ef fects of moral panics on society by looking into instances in different societies.Ben-Yehuda (20091) describes the concept of moral panic as creating a state of exagge prescribed fear from topics that are claimed to adjudge a moral element. He states that moral panics take on to take, focus on and sustain powerfully persuasive images of folk devils that can serve as the marrow of moral fears. According to Ben-Yehuda and Goode (199412), the idea of moral panics developed from the earlier concept of moral crusades where a some integrity or a group of persons where stigmatised as unnaturals and isolated from what was regarded as traffic pattern society. It was maiden revea lead by athletic supporter boylike in 1971 as opposed to the thought that Stanley Cohen was the originator of the concept. Critcher (2006 ix) also concurs that Cohen borrowed the term from Young. However, though Young introduced the term, it was Cohens research on the Mods and Rockers that launched it to it s present state as a still central tool of sociological and media analysis, as well as a common phrase in popular confabulation (Ben-Yehuda, 20091). Cohen defines moral panic in his book Folk Devils and Moral Panics The Creation of Mods and Rockers (19809), as when a condition, episode, person or group of persons emerges to become outlined as a nemesis to societal values and interests its nature is presented in a stylized and stereotypical fashion by the mass media This shows that e truly society has cross moral values and interests that define it as a society. Hence, it will not be normal for a person or group of persons to go against those moral values and interests. Becker (19631) states that social rules are make to be enforced and they determine what is right or wrong in a social group. and so the person or group of persons who breaks those rules is regarded as an outsider because such cannot be trusted to live by the rules. The outsider is then tagged by that society as a deviant or a folk devil as Cohen calls it. The outsider is isolated from normal society and this headliners to more deviance (Cohen, 198012 18). Goode (199393) also defines moral panic as a widespread feeling on the part of the humans that something is terribly wrong in the society because of the moral failure of a specific group of individuals, subpopulation is defined as the enemy. In short, a category of battalion has been deviantized. Deviance refers to behaviour that breaks social values or upsets the expectations of society on that pointby cajoleing social penalty or punishment (OSullivan, et al., 1994 83 Aggleton, 19874). Some examples of deviant behaviours that lead to moral panics are related to medicate usage, homosexuality, gang activities, pornography, prostitution, and so on (Ben-Yehuda, 20092 Cohen, 198018). Cohen (19809 59) observes that a type of moral panic which has kept occurring in Britain since the war has been tied to the coming up of a variety of youth culture who are either working class, middle class or students and are seen as deviants associated with emphasis. The Teddy Boys, the Mods and Rockers, the Skinheads, are some examples he gives of those labelled deviants or folk devils that represented youths at the time. This is also reflected in Ben-Yehudas study of the 1982 drug panic in Israel where youths were identified with the deviant behaviour of extramarital drug-taking.Those who create and enforce the rules in society respectively referred to as moral entrepreneurs by Becker (1963 147) and social control agents by Cohen (1980 85). These are powerful concepts that are said to contribute to the development of moral panics in a society. They comprise the Police, the Courts and Civil Society or Action Groups who take appropriate action at the federal official and Local levels. Here the media also plays a vital positive role in checking the excesses of these so-called deviants. As we all know, the media is a tool through wh ich discipline is administer to the frequent. The way and manner information is dispensed determines how the public reacts to such information. There are certain criteria that determine what news is and it varies from unrivaled culture to the some other (Galtung and Ruge, 1965 65). The criteria or guidelines by which slips are regarded as newsworthy are referred to as news values (Brighton and Foy, 20071). Galtung and Ruge (1965 70) interpret a list of a number of factors that qualify for news values. An shell must possess at least one of these to qualify as news. One of such news values is amplitude on which this essay will focus. Amplitude refers to how big the event is The bigger, the better, the more prominent, the more likely the event is to achievethreshold value (Watson, 1998 118). It is argued here that amplitude as a news value appears to be the major tool through which moral panics are developed in a society (Cohen, 1980 31).It was stated earlier that moral entrep reneurs or social control agents are powerful tools that are said to contribute to the development of moral panics. Cohen (1980 166) and Becker (1963 147) have argued that these tools create and enforce rules in order to control deviant behaviours. They intervene whenever they feel a particular value in society is being threatened by behaviours that are out of the norm. This shows that a deviant behaviour can be powerful enough as to instigate basis and the enactment of laws in a society (Ben-Yehuda, 1990 124). However, it is important to note that these agents cannot function alone to create moral panics in the society, they deficiency the mass media to be able to pass across what they deem as morally wrong or evil so, they take advantage of the media to be able to create a moral panic (Ben-Yehuda, 1990 116). It then seems that without the media, moral panics may never occur and amplitude plays a major role in such a development. Cohen (198016) describes the media as an especia lly important carrier and producer of moral panics. He states that information that gets to the public have already been processed by the media, that is to say that they have been subject to classifications of newsworthiness and how they are to be relayed to the audience. He argues that what is usually called news focuses on reports on deviance and its consequences and such reports create concerns, anxiety, indignation or panic. When these feelings have been created, the need to cherish certain moral values arises and this leads to the definition of the problem and the creation of rules to protect societal values. All that has been said boils down to the fact that for the media to cover an event successfully as news, amplitude (as a news value) plays a very important role. As earlier defined, amplitude refers to how big and dramatic the event is (Watson, 1998 118 Galtung and Ruge, 1965 66) so the need for amplitude leads the media to amplify deviance whereby exaggerating the event s o it becomes a very big issue through the reaction of the audience. OSullivan, et al. (199410-11) define amplification as the process whereby initial activity, labelled as deviant is increased or amplified as a offspring of social reaction which is more often than not co-ordinated and articulated by the mass media.Furthermore, Galtung and Ruge (1965 71) state that there are three things the media does to manufacture news and one of them is accentuation or distortion and that is to make the event even more noticeable. Cohen (1980 31) gives examples of this kind of distortion or exaggeration. In describing the Mods and Rockers event at Clacton, he states that a journalist from the Daily Mirror admitted that the event had been over reported. Cohen describes how the media grossly exaggerated its seriousnessOver-reportingthe number taking part, the number involved in violence and the amount and effects of any damage or violence. Such distortion took place primarily in terms of the mode and style of presentation characteristic of most crime reporting the sensational headlines, histrionic vocabulary and heightening of those elements in the story considered as news. The regular use of phrases such as riot, riot of destruction, battle, attack, beat up townsfolk and screaming mob left an image of a besieged town from which innocent holidaymakers were fleeing to escape a marauding mob.This event was so exaggerated that the police began making preparations for the beside anticipated Bank Holiday hooliganism. On the next Bank Holiday at Brighton, so numerous suspicious youths, though not guilty of all that they were accused of, were arrested on the beach escalating the matter and confirmatory the doubts and fears of the public who acted and took their local problem to the legislature ( Cohen, 198091-113). Another instance of such exaggeration is form in the 1982 drug daunt event in Israel. Ben-Yehuda (1990103) argues that the media played a crucial role by providi ng information that stimulated the panic. He states that youths in high schools in Israel were accused by the police and a atom of legislature of the misuse of psychoactive drugs. It appeared in the media that over a hundred thousand students used hashish. A particular school was labelled Hashish High School because it was accused of a high rate of unlawful drug use. The principal revealed statistics showing only one pupil in the school was found using drugs but the release of the statistics did not help because the panic had already been created. The Ministry of Education sought for produce from the police for the outrageous statistics they released to the media but none was given. Anxious parents parents demanded that the Ministry of Education do something about the terrible drug problem. Most parents eventually withdrew their children from schools as a result of such exaggerations, turning the event into a capacious story. The media used such headlines as youth drug abuse plag ue, How to Behave with a Drug Abusing Adolescent, The Dangers of Hashish. This event shows how active the social control agents and the media were in the development of moral panic but the media seemed to be the major tool through which moral panic began.The connection amid personal and group interests to moral panics has been espoused by (Ben-Yehuda, 1990 114 Becker, 1963148 Goode and Ben-Yehuda, 1994 159). Ben-Yehuda (1990114) suggests that on one hand, moral panics reflect the moral struggle in a society and on the other hand, the issue of interests show that moral panics use moral topics to cover up clash of interests between different parties. He argues that the moral panic in Israel in 1982 was based on distorted information, all the way aimed at sharply marking the boundaries between moral right and moral wrong. However, behind the public queer about morality, there were other unwavering interests at work as well. This shows that just as there are moral entrepreneurs who seek to truly uphold moral values for the good of the society, there are also those entrepreneurs who seek to fulfil their own interests. Young (2009 10) states that there are three reasons for moral intervention. The first is the conflict of interest where he explains that interests of a powerful group are directly threatened or the group sees that the intervention would be to its advantage. The second reason for intervention is moral indignation. He explains that the deviant threatens the moral values of a more powerful group therefore an intervention is required. Finally, the third reason is humanism where the more powerful group intervenes for the good of the deviant(s). This goes further to reveal a powerful economic and political relationship between those in power and those regarded as outsiders because laws, wealth and status could be created as a result of moral panics (Goode and Ben-Yehuda, 1994 159). For instance, the legislator could create laws and have his political st atus established as a result of a moral panic through the media and the police could gain more funds to aid in fighting deviance. Furthermore, the media is responsible to protect the public interest through the proper spreading of information. The public should be aware of events that affect them through the news. News that stirs up moral panics does not seem to be in the public interest because the end result is fear and anxiety (Ben-Yehuda, 2009 1). It then seems that the media may only be interested in its business competition through the selling of a breaking story to attract more viewership and not minding how the news is presented thereby fulfilling its own interest. It could also be that the media in creating a moral panic is not aware that it is doing so and may publish or broadcast news in the public interest since its duty is to create awareness of issues prevalent in the society.Moral panics have certain effects on the society. They create stereotypes, for instance, (You ng, 20096) thereby segregating a particular class or group of people within society. A stereotype is a social classification of a group based on a particular set of values, judgments and assumptions toward the groups behaviour, characteristics or history (OSullivan, et al., 1994299). The Mods and Rockers were stereotyped because they behaved and did things differently from the rest of the society at the time. They dressed differently, rode scooters and motor-bikes and they were two confrontational groups. As a result they were seen as a threat to traditional, decent values of law and order (Critcher, 2006 xii). According to Cohen (198062) the Mods and Rockers were seen as a disease that mandatory to be cured or completely removed from society therefore they experienced indignation. A look revealed that the medias reaction to the Mods and Rockers were more intense and stereotypical than the opinion of the public (Cohen, 1980 66). In addition, moral panics create fear, anxiety and pa nic among members of society. Statistics show that fear is created especially among older people (Cohen 198070). For instance, as mentioned earlier, during the 1982 drug scare in Israel, parents out of fear and anxiety about the terrible drug problem that had invaded high schools, withdrew their children from school. The sieve of presentation and language used by the media may cause its audience to think they are living in a very unsafe environment while that may not be on the whole true. Also, moral panics could help establish new laws claimed to guard the moral values and interests of the society and even if it does not do so, it leaves memories that usher in the next panic (Ben-Yehuda, 2009 3). For instance, early 1970 in America, President Nixon successfully carried out a war on drugs that later paved the way for subsequent drug panic that led to the creation of laws against illicit drug taking in America in 1986 and 1989 (Goode and Ben-Yehuda, 1994169). All these prove that m oral panics could either have a lasting or a short term effect on a society. The effect could be felt at the time of the panic and eventually fade outside with the panic as it was with the Mods and Rockers or the effect could be a long lasting one as in the case of laws made to prohibit illicit drug use.In conclusion, although other strong tools such as the moral entrepreneurs or the social control agents contribute in creating moral panics, it is force out that amplitude as a news value is a major tool used by the media to create moral panics in the society. This essay has also shown that there are certain reasons why moral panics occur and those reasons could either be moral or for personal interests. Furthermore, there is a preponderance of the sunburned effects of moral panics in the society including the creation of stereotypes, the instigation of fear among people and possibly the creation of new unnecessary laws.Practitioners in journalism and media must be careful in the r eporting and dissemination of information to the general public to avoid impressing their personal or group interests on society that they may have detrimental effects in the peaceful order of society.WORD COUNT 2,824