The Relationship Between Katherine and Bianca in The Taming of the Shre

The Relationship Between Katherine and Bianca in The Taming of the Shrew William Shakespeare is considered the greatest playwright of in all time. His gift for developing characters is one major aspect that accounts for this lofty acknowledgement. Shakespeare created various characters from drunks and fools to kings and generals. The characters are so human and so real that the audience can shape aspects of their own personalities represented on stage for better or worse. Inadvertently, Shakespeares ability to characterize any type of person demonstrates his holistic education and knowledge of everything from legions strategy and open sea sailing to music and religion. As a result of Shakespeares true-to-life characters, the relationship amidst Katherine and Bianca in The Taming of the Shrew is completely realistic, contemplative of every aspect of the ever-present phenomenon of sibling rivalry. Some people believe that sibling rivalry is nothing more than a series of petty disputes between hyperactive adolescents, a childhood trauma that most people outgrow. However, sibling rivalry also encompasses much more serious cases, like the permanent enmity between adult siblings. This phenomenon was studied extensively in the nineteenth century, when Charles Darwin presented his theory of evolution. At that time, he said that one of the major causes of sibling rivalry is natural, and it occurs in nature when the competition is usually for food. Specifically, whenever two individuals that consume the same type of food co-exist in the same area, they fight with each other until one of them manages to pop or drive the other out, leaving the winner with the exclusive use of the food resources a... ...es and further contributing to Shakespeares reputation as the greatest dramatist and finest poet that the macrocosm has ever known. Works cited Barton, Ann. The Taming of the Shrew. The Riverside Shakespeare 2nd ed. Ed. Dean Johnson et a l. Boston Houghton Mifflin, 1997. 138-141. Daniel, David. Shakespeare and the Role of Women. The Cambridge Companion to Shakespeare Studies. Ed. Stanley Wells. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 1987. Darwin, Charles. Descent of Man. New York Prometheus Books, December 1997. Fox, Levi, ed. The Shakespeare Handbook. Boston G.K. Hall & Co., 1987. Newman, Joan. Conflict and familiarity in Sibling Relationships A Review. Child Study Journal, 1994 119-143. Shakespeare, William. The Taming of the Shrew. New York Simon and Schuster Trade, April 1991.

Essay --

There was also the isolation of the USA that was a problem. After exclusively the problems they had while joining World War One, they wanted to be isolated and get away from European problems. They didnt join the League of Nations, which was a single out for them and made them creakyer because the USA was a very powerful country.In addition, there was a problem of foreign policy and aggression. In the early 1930s, Hitler began to pursue more foreign policies. He increased his army by approximately 300,000 soldiers. The Treaty of Versailles only allowed him of 100,000. Hitler also rearmed, which was also against the Treaty and developed secretly an air academy to train pilots and built over 1000 aircrafts. Even though he was breaking several terms of the Treaty of Versailles, the League of Nations was doing nothing to stop him, which showed how weak they were becoming. In the Treaty of Versailles, the Saar Land, which was part of Germany, was given to and ran by the League of Nat ions. In 1935, as the League promised Hitler, a plebiscite occurred. The people of the Saar were to vote if they...

The Collapse of the American Dream in Death of a Salesman by Arthur Mil

Prosperity, job security, hard work and family union are some of the concepts that involves the American fantasy, generally speaking. Some people think this dream is some issue automatically granted or in contrast, as in the story expiration of a Salesman pen by Arthur Miller, as something that has to be achieved in order to be successful in life. The play takes issues with those in America who place to much stress on material gain, instead of more admirable values. American society is exemplified with Millers work and demonstrates how a dream could turn into a nightmare. Arthur Millers, Death of a Salesman, is a play that portrays the reservoirs life and the psychological problems that brings the collapse of the American Dream for this in a lower-middle family in an economical depression. The proofreader can see how Arthur Miller was inspired to write this play because of his family background using a biographical approach. Millers father was a comfortable businessman until th e Crash of 1929, after the family suffered through the Depression (Rollyson) which had a significant influence on his life and works. As we see in the play, Willy Loman in a sense has two different realities. There is a Willy Loman -- the financially burdened and emotionally exhausted main character (Thompson) -- is broken, an exhausted man in his sixties, come along the end of his life. And there is the more confident, vigorous Willy Loman of some fifteen years before, who appears in flashbacks in the story. If we make a parallel between the story and the authors life, these two realities are the before and after of the great depression that Millers father suffered through when Miller was a child. His life served as the inspiration to create the characters of the story Miller drove trucks, unloaded cargoes, waited on tables, and worked as a clerk in a warehouse. (Rollyson) Moreover, the psychological view of Willy Loman is shown as a person who works as a traveling salesman and de cides to commit self-destruction because the American Dream overwhelms him. As Charley says in the story the only thing you got in this world is what you can sell. He is a normal person who embodies traditional American values of success.(Hansberry) In fact, Willy Loman wants to a great consequence believe that he is one of the finest salesmen, a winner in life and a great father. For Mr. Loman, the accomplish... ...y he is so obsessed with trying to attain it. He is the product of his own illusions and of a society that believe that with hard work everything is possible. The reader can understand that Willys skewed perspective of the American Dream is due to his distortion of his life and the dream that he thinks he lives in everyday. In conclusion, the play represents the collapse of the American Dream for a typical lower-middle crystalise family in Brooklyn during an economic depression. The story represents the brutality of the system toward man (Kroll). Willy, with his illus ions of living the present with the mementos of the past represents the unwanted desire to accept reality. Therefore, he decides to commit suicide in a coward way and leave the insurance money to the family. Moreover, his wife sees the whole process of Willys death without interference in order to not hurt his pride. His sons, Biff and Happy, always had a constant pressure to achieve luxuries and comforts of the American Dream and due to that pressure they were unable to attain it. Willy dies believe in a dream that his family did not believe because they were seeing reality a little bite closer than him.

Music as Substance and Form in Grace Notes :: Grace Notes

Music as Substance and Form in Grace Notes   In the novel Grace Notes by Bernard MacLaverty, Catherines step-up as an artist through the story provides both substance and form to the story.   Early on in Catherines life, she was taught and influenced by the people close to her. dismiss Bingham was her start-off formal teacher. She taught Catherine things she seemed to have known beforehand Miss Bingham says its all inside her head and all she has to do is draw it out (99). Miss Bingham too gave Catherine her setoff manuscript jotter, taking her on her way to becoming a composer. Catherines family was also a big influence. Granny Boyd taught Catherine songs they would sing in the rounds of the kitchen (145). In contrast to Miss Bingham and Granny Boyd, it seems as if her father wanted to have more control over her music interest. When listening to the Lambeg drums, her father called it Sheer bloody bigotry (258), thus far Catherine thought it interesting with the comp lex rhythms. The strongest influences on Catherine, as with most children, come at an early age, and for Catherine this all happens in her home town.   There are also outside influences on Catherines development as an artist. Catherine first saw Huang Xiao Gang at a composition workshop at the university. Huang talked about pre- listening and inner hearing (33), and other ways of thinking of music in very non-western methods. Catherine remembers the pre-hearing and inner hearing quite a few times later, when she has ideas about music. Catherine also learns while visiting the composer Anatoli Melnichuck in Kiev. She does not actually learn directly from Melnichuck, but learns about things when she is there. When she visits the Refectory church she hears the bells in the bell tower, making a reverberating Tintinnabulation (124). Catherine as swell hears the monks in the church notification. The singing came without warning, it was not sacred singing - there was a lightness to i t (125). The singing there at the Refectory church reminded her of Granny Boyd singing The Bell Doth Toll. The outside influences in Catherines life gave some contrast and some interesting aspects to her music.   The influences and teachings in her life all come together to create Vernicle, which is compete for the BBC at the end of the novel. Her music comes in two parts, like the bilateral symmetry of a scallop shell (273).

The No Child Left Behind act of 2001 Essays -- Education, Bush Adminis

The No Child Left tramp meet of 2001Control of the public education system has been left to the State for most of the countrys history, it was not until the 1950s that the federal government played a role in categorical programs, however the national government refrained from involvement in academics until the 90s. Three days after taking up his position in office, George Bush announced his plan for the No Child Left Behind act (NCLB) which was a consolidated reform of the 1962 Elementary and Secondary Education Act or ESEA (McGuinn, p. 1). ESEA focused on providing resources for the underprivileged students, whereas the NCLB act focuses on all students in public schools. On January 8, 2002, the No Child Left Behind act was enacted. The law enlarged federal education spending, required states to design and administer attainment test to all students grades three and up, demanded that States put qualified teachers in every class room, and promised to hold all States accountable for the performance of their public schools (McGuinn, p. 1). The act itself is what was mat up to be a solution for the failure of properly educating Americas children. How the act is put in to action, and if it serves its purpose, has depended on the States requirements and statistics. Public education was slowly lessen in quality, consequently, failing Americas children, and a solution was dealed. According to author, and Chair of the K-12 Education Task Force, Chester Finn Jr. No Child Left Behind arose from the premise that Americas public schools werent doing well enough and states ought not to be left to their own devices to improve them. So Uncle Sam created a new web of requirements, incentives, and sanctions aimed at boosting school perfo... ...m birth through graduation and beyond (Carter, 2010). The No Child Left Behind act was created to better public schools and it did. Like most laws, though, an update is necessary to keep up with the times and serve its purpose of a iding the American batch. Government programs have a reputation of failing because of the lack of funding, but when the people come together for something as important as education, failure is not an option. Americas future relies on the children of today, so education should remain a priority of this countries government. There will never be an all pleasing solution the need to complain will exist no matter what is done, but this does not mean the government should step away. The law was a backbone created to support the States and aid in academic success, therefore the law does not need to be negated, just reformed and improved.

Symbolism and Repression in The Yellow Wallpaper -- Yellow Wallpaper e

Symbolism and Repression in The icteric Wallpaper Charlotte Perkins Gilmans chronicle, The white-livered Wallpaper is as a wonderful example of the gothic iniquity genre. It was not until the rediscovery of the story in the early 1970s that The yellow Wallpaper was recognized as a feminist indictment of a male henpecked society. The story contains many typical gothic trappings, but beneath the conventional faade hides a tale of repression and freedom told in intricate symbolism as seen through the eyes of a mad narrator. It is difficult to discuss the meaning in this story without first examining the authors own personal experience. The Yellow Wallpaper gives an account of a woman driven to madness as a result of the Victorian rest-cure, a once frequently prescribed dot of inactivity thought to cure hysteria and nervous conditions in women. As Gary Scharnhorst points out, this treatment originated with Dr. Weir Mitchell, who personally prescribed this cure to Gilman herself. She was in fact driven to skilful madness and later claimed to have written The Yellow Wallpaper to protest this treatment of women like herself, and specifically to address Dr. Weir Mitchell with a propaganda piece. A copy of the story was actually sent to Mitchell, and although he never replied to Gilman personally, he is said to have confessed to a friend that he had changed his treatment of hysterics after reading the story (15-19). Although the autobiographic aspects of The Yellow Wallpaper are compelling, it is the symbolism and the underlying feminist connotations that lead best to discussion. First is John, the narrators husband. He could be viewed as the patriarchy itself, as Beverly Hume says, with his dismissal of all... ... J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. 6th ed. New York Harper Collins, 1995. 424-36. Hume, Beverly A. Gilmans Interminable Grotesque The Narrator of The Yellow Wallpaper. Studies in Short Fiction 28.4 (1991)477-84. Johnson, Greg. Gilmans black letter Al legory Rage and Redemption in The Yellow Wallpaper. Studies in Short Fiction 26.4 (1989)521-30. King, Jeannette and Pam Morris. On Not Reading between the Lines Models of Reading in The Yellow Wallpaper. Studies in Short Fiction 26.1 (1989) 23-32. Owens, E. Suzanne. The Ghostly Double behind the Wallpaper in Charlotte Perkins Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper. Haunting the House of Fiction. Ed. Lynette Carpenter and Wendy K. Kolmar. Knoxville U of Tennessee P, 1991 64-79. Scharnhorst, Gary. The Yellow Wallpaper. Charlotte Perkins Gilman. Boston Twayne, 1985. 15-20.

Symbolism and Repression in The Yellow Wallpaper -- Yellow Wallpaper e

Symbolism and Repression in The sensationalistic paper Charlotte Perkins Gilmans theme, The Yellow Wallpaper is as a wonderful example of the gothic horror genre. It was not until the rediscovery of the story in the early 1970s that The Yellow Wallpaper was recognized as a feminist indictment of a male dominated society. The story contains many typical gothic trappings, but beneath the conventional faade hides a tale of repression and freedom told in intricate symbolism as seen with the eyes of a mad narrator. It is difficult to discuss the meaning in this story without first examining the authors own personal experience. The Yellow Wallpaper gives an account of a woman driven to lunacy as a result of the Victorian rest-cure, a once frequently prescribed period of inactiveness thought to cure hysteria and nervous conditions in women. As Gary Scharnhorst points out, this treatment originated with Dr. Weir Mitchell, who personally prescribed this cure to Gilman herself. She was in fact driven to near madness and later claimed to have written The Yellow Wallpaper to protest this treatment of women like herself, and specifically to address Dr. Weir Mitchell with a propaganda piece. A copy of the story was in reality sent to Mitchell, and although he never replied to Gilman personally, he is said to have confessed to a friend that he had changed his treatment of hysterics after reading the story (15-19). Although the autobiographical aspects of The Yellow Wallpaper are compelling, it is the symbolism and the underlying feminist connotations that lead best to discussion. First is John, the narrators husband. He could be viewed as the patriarchy itself, as Beverly Hume says, with his dismissal of all... ... J. Kennedy and Dana Gioia. 6th ed. New York Harper Collins, 1995. 424-36. Hume, Beverly A. Gilmans Interminable Grotesque The Narrator of The Yellow Wallpaper. Studies in Short Fiction 28.4 (1991)477-84. Johnson, Greg. Gilmans Gothic parable Rage an d Redemption in The Yellow Wallpaper. Studies in Short Fiction 26.4 (1989)521-30. King, Jeannette and Pam Morris. On Not Reading between the Lines Models of Reading in The Yellow Wallpaper. Studies in Short Fiction 26.1 (1989) 23-32. Owens, E. Suzanne. The Ghostly Double behind the Wallpaper in Charlotte Perkins Gilmans The Yellow Wallpaper. Haunting the House of Fiction. Ed. Lynette Carpenter and Wendy K. Kolmar. Knoxville U of Tennessee P, 1991 64-79. Scharnhorst, Gary. The Yellow Wallpaper. Charlotte Perkins Gilman. capital of Massachusetts Twayne, 1985. 15-20.

Passion – Basketball

My Passion by Shariar Alam Sadmun What is basketball? In technical terms as delimit by Princeton, it could be defined as a game played on a court by two opposing teams of 5 players points argon scored by throwing the ball through an elevated horizontal hoop. In my own words I would describe basketball as my best friend that never backstabs or goes away from my side it is always there by my side no matter what just like a true friend. E reallyone has a anger but I think my passion is truly unique because I have loved the sport of basketball since I was seven.I remember the sidereal day I was delaying my first basketball game, I still remember it as if it was yesterday. I was non very familiar with the rules and the scoring. I did not recognize any players. My idol, Shaquille ONeal, was play in that game and he was dominating the whole game until he missed two crucial free throws unspoilt the end and his team lost. After the game he said, Me shooting 40% at the foul line is jus t Gods way to suppose nobodys perfect. His play that game and the way that he encountered and the way he intellectually answered the critics that day has inspired me to play and love the game of basketball. hoi polloi some propagation ask me, Why do you love basketball? totally you try to do is shoot that ball through that circle. That is not fun My answer to them is always the same. I tell them basketball is not just a game, it is more than a game. It is my love, it is my passion, it is the game that is always by my side, and it is the game that gives me the most use whenever I am playing or watching it. I love to watch the game. If they show the game on television for 4 hours straight, I pass on watch it without getting fed up with it. If someone starts a conversation about basketball, I will turn into Manny from Ice Age who never clams talking.I hate losing, basketball brings out my competitive spirit. Basketball lets me take out my emotions, which helps me in expressing my self to others. Basketball is a game of cooperation, where the five people on the court work cooperatively to achieve the goal of winning. The great Michael Jordan once said, Talent wins games, but teamwork and intelligence win championships. Michael Jordan is a hero and an inspiration to a lot of people. He is the reason a lot of people not only in North America, but every(prenominal)where in the world started playing basketball. He once said, I have missed more than 9000 shots in my career.I have lost almost 300 games. On 26 occasion I have been entrusted to take the game winning shot and missed. And I have failed over and over and over again in my life. And that is why I succeed. His competitive spirit and his hunger to succeed have always inspired me, and every time I hear or read these awe-inspiring quotes by him it always gives me goose bumps. Basketball teaches me good discipline in terms of when to shoot and when to pass to a teammate. Basketball has given me the chance o f leading by example. Basketball players not only play the game but they do a lot to help their communities.A great example of that would be Steve Nash, who is an unearned member of Order of Canada (the highest civilian honour in Canada). He is possibly the greatest Canadian basketball player ever. He is an inspiration to every Canadian. All the philanthropic work he does, the way he takes care of his body, his work ethic and the way he leads his team is just a joy to watch and hear about. It makes me proud to be a Canadian and to know that a Canadian is one of the greatest basketball player ever to step on the court. Players like Michael Jordan and Shaquille ONeal are once in a generation type of players.The way they play with intensity and seriousness is something really commendable. I utilisation every day during the summer, I try to play with that killer instinct like my idols. When I was in grade five, I would play my brother every day after school and I would never win. One day he did not want to play me anymore because he told me I was not at his level. That really hit me. I remember for the next two months, I had a basketball with me. Everywhere I went, I had it with me from walking and drivel it to the point where I slept with it. That is how much I wanted to rally my brother.I got that competitive spirit from players like Jordan or ONeal. After two months, I requested my brother to play me and I told him if I lost I would never ask him to play me. He accepted the challenge, and after a very close game I beat him twenty-one to eighteen. After the game, I cried so much because I was so thrilled that I finally beat my brother. Basketball for some people is just a game. It is more than a game to me. It is like my best friend. It is my passion. It has always been there for me through the tough times and as well as the good times. It has helped me take my emotions out in a proper manner.It lets me take out my competitive spirit. It has taught me how to work in a team effectively. Alan Armstrong once said, If there is no passion in your life, then have you really lived? Find your passion, whatever it may be. Become it, and let it dumbfound you and you will find great things happen for you, to you and because of you. I feel basketball has given me the chance to enjoy my life in a way that I would have probably not enjoyed without it. Basketball has given me the chance to become its best friend, and I will always admire basketball for what it has done to stir my life and what it has done to always stay by my side.

Pride and Prejudice Prediction Essay

In todays society, everyone looks to shape real love. They want to find the right one, get married, and live happily with that one soul for as long as the world bothows them. Some people w ill fortune wait as long as it takes to find that special someone, while others find their true love in high school. Is it not amazing that we ar given the opportunity to find our own love whenever we want? Then again, we are the only ones who know what we really want for ourselves. So, imagine if we did not get that opportunity of picking who we want to share our lives with for as long as we live.I reserve a hard time letting my mom pick out my c serve uphes, let alone that special someone that I have to live the breathe of my life with. In the book Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen, life is the total opposite of what it is today. Instead of you getting to choose who you want to be with, that individual is chosen for you. Sounds like an awful time. The mother would have to pick the spouse and all she cared about was finding the wealthiest man. Two of the main characters that I want to blither about is Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth Bennet. From what I have read of the book so far, all these two have done is bicker and disagree on almost everything.But, I think they will fall in love any style. Even though they seem like total opposites, I think their personalities are a hole alike because they are both very out spoken. Elizabeth Bennet is the second oldest daughter of the five Bennet siss. She is also known to be the most intelligent, nevertheless she is often compared to her sister, Jane, as being of lesser beauty. She is always speaking her mind even though it was frowned upon as a lady during that time period, and she often gets leery looks for what comes out of her mouth.She is very independent and is not fond of people who tell her what to do, which is what that time period was all about for the women. Elizabeth has a very strong constitution and it is very hard to confuse her with anyone else. Mr. Darcy is a very wealthy man and is the master of Pemberley and he is also the nephew of Lady Catherine de Bourgh. Mr. Darcy is very intelligent and honest and he is quite proud of it. His excess amount of pride causes him to look down on others in lower social classes and he kind of treats Elizabeth like this in the beginning of the book.So far in the book he learns to control his temper and class-consciousness and starts to fall in love with Elizabeth and begins to admire her strong character and different personality. summon Not at all, he replied they were brightened by the exercise. Mr. Darcy In the quote, Mr. Darcy is telling Miss Bingley that Elizabeth looked rather well after all the exercise of walking to see her ill sister Jane. While Miss Bingley was making enjoyment of Elizabeth for having a dirty petticoat, Mr. Darcy completely looked past the fact that she was muddy and a little bit of bust up from the long walk by herself.In fac t, he talks about how nice her eyes looked from the exercise and complimented her. I think this quote is pretty important because Mr. Darcy is all about himself and so full of pride and it seems like he only likes to look down on people. But, he compliments Elizabeth when Miss Bingley was making fun of her. He ignores the fact that she is dirty and looks like a mess and only notices how bright her eyes looked from the exercise. I think this is so much of a fine-looking deal because Mr. Darcy never compliments anyone and really never says anything nice at all.I thought he was just looking past all of the obvious flaws that everyone else notice and only looked at what caught his eye. Quote Elizabeth, having rather expected to affront him, was amazed at his gallantry but there was a mixture of sweetness and impudence in her manner which made it difficult for her to affront anybody and Darcy had never been so bewitched by any woman as he was by her. He really believed that were it no t for the inferiority of her connections, he should be in some danger. Narrator This quote comes from chapter 10 after Mr. Darcy asks Elizabeth to dance with him. What Elizabeth said to Mr. Darcy after he asked her to dance was no because she thought he was going to despise her taste. She did not want to make a fool of herself, even though Mr. Darcy had no purport of doing so. The quote mentions how Elizabeth was amazed at his courtesy and thoughtfulness but there was a mixture of sweetness and mischievousness in the way he was performing and that she would have a hard time insulting anyone.I think this quote is important because even though Elizabeth just confronted him about the way she feels his attitude is towards her, she salvage finds him attractive in many ways. Then Mr. Darcy mentions how he had never been so bewitched by any other woman as he was by her. She just told him how she felt about him in a rude way and he still finds her so attractive, or that might have encoura ged the way he feels towards her. I predict that Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth Bennet will fall in love by the end of the book.Even though they disagree and argue a lot throughout the book, their personalities are a lot alike since they are both so outspoken. One thing that happens between Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth is when she shows up to take care of her sister Jane and her petticoat is filthy but Mr. Darcy only talks about how nice her eyes looked from the exercise. Since he looks down on everyone else you would expect him to do the same during that moment. another(prenominal) is when Elizabeth tells Mr. Darcy off and all they can both think about how attracted they are to one another.

Natural resource conflict

Before we proceed to our discussion about the context of the Natural Resource Conflict, it is imperative to take first into account the definition of two footing which be always a part whenever troubles and chaos may arise. These two terms are Conflict and Security. According to (Kernerman Multi Lingual dictionary), security means the invoke of being, or making safe, secure, free from danger etc while conflict is being defined as something to come into collision or disagreement be contradictory, at variance or in opposition clash a fight, battle, struggle, esp. a prolonged struggle strife( dictionary.com unabridged). This two are sure to go hand in hand whenever trouble or in a larger scale WAR arises.I- How and in what ways are conflicts over natural resources more issues of ripening and political economy, rather than security, traditionally conceived?Natural Resource Conflict is mavin of the most puzzling problems that the world nowadays is confronting. Some are resolved fini shed diplomatic manner while others are still being contested until now in the form of a hostile confrontation which hapless victims are usually the innocent civilians and children as well. Natural resource conflicts are commonly seen in the continent of Africa where according to a certain report in 1998 that 9 out of thirteen battle related conflict on Natural Resources had occurred (Scott Peg autumn 2003).The best answer to this question is that they are conceived as something that has got to do with weak states, to the increased erosion of boundaries and to open or clandestine intervention from neighboring countries. There are a lot of examples to be considered in visualize to this situation. One was the case of Sierra Leone, when that country was turned upside down by the atrocities of the group who called themselves the Revolutionary United Front. This group whose savagery and barbarism was corroborate by the presence of thousands upon thousands of people including children w hose limbs and arms were cut off from their bodies.R.U.F. during it heydays period were using the vast amount of diamond deposits in Sierra Leone in govern for them to purchase arms and ammunitions, that are necessary in their fight against the Countrys Government.. What is interesting about this was the inability of the presidency of Sierra Leone in sensory the major personalities of the group. In fact, what is quite ironic is that after the peace agreement. The government even let the R.U.F. to participate in the ensuing election. Instead of making them payment by sending them all to jail, for all the miseries and pain they have inflected towards the populace. If the government of Sierra Leone is committed and strong enough there is no tenableness why they cant do it. What happened is a mere reflection of the weakness of the government.II- Internal and External Factors about the Natural Resource ConflictTalking about factors concerning the populace of Natural Resource Confli ct, well, there are a lot to be counted as such.First we have to discuss about the 3 internal factors. These are the1. position2. Ideology3. PoliticsSpeaking of Authority it means bureaucratic control and a system of rewards, which generates formal, but inactive consensus.About ideology it addresses a sense of mission, indoctrination, which results in formal but passive consensus.Lastly is politics (power Game) it touches the result of temporary internal alliances and strong links with the external people of influence.In regard to the external factors there are the so called1. Share holders2. Financiers3. Other individuals or groups of individuals having a stake in the behavior of the organization, such as political parties, trade unions, other formal and informal CSOs, compelling individuals with economic or ideological interests.We can cite as example are the sovereign Countries of Angola and Sierra Leone during the time when they were still struggling to resolve their several (prenominal)(prenominal) insurgency problems. Both these governments at the time were hiring the services of Executive outcomes, a private military company. The purpose for these was to check the flow of diamonds from these countries which as had been alleged were perpetrated by insurgents in order to use the proceeds from this illegal trade in sustaining their effort of destroying the already extant government of both countries. Its called illegal because the government had nothing to do with this trade. De Beers, the worlds larges trader of diamonds was even under pressure because some of its purchases were coming from these areas.III- The ActorsWhenever conflict arises it cannot be denied that there are a lot of organizations who are ready to share all their expertise just for the sake of concluding a certain conflict. Whether they are government sponsored or not, it should be noted that theyre here to help. One example for this was the time when Kuwait was invaded by Iraq. The U nited States together with the assistance of several countries and under the complete panegyric of the U.N. was able to liberate Kuwait from the occupation of Iraq.IV- The dynamics of Neo-Liberal CapitalismThe dynamics of Neo- liberal capitalism is an event that is greatly manifested by the massive growth of China, India and other countries which several years ago were still waddling along the seemingly unending mire of poverty and non-growth. It is the kind which leads to the resurgence of this so called globalization. It promotes drastic reforms concerning the economic status of ones country and give abundant opportunities for countries to invest from one country to another.Naturally the more investments made to a certain country, the greater the economic growth that the recipient of these investments will experience. Like for example China. Its tremendous and dazzling economic growth started when it initiated the reform framed by the late Deng Xiao Ping. It opens China economic ally to foreign investments.The resulting ready is the way China is being treated nowadays, not only in Asia but throughout the world. However, growth sometimes will lead to certain negativity, comparable what happened to Japan in the middle of the 20th century. Because of its massive economic and industrial growth, it was forced to invade China and its neighboring countries. The reason for that was to gain control of those countries resources so that it can sustain and maintain the necessary materials for its huge industrial and economic sector.REFERENCESPegg, Scott. Globalization and Natural Resource Confict- The New Strategic Environment. http//findarticles.com/?noadc=1. 2003. Naval War College Review. 9 May 2007.

Geo100 Brisbane Floods

ESSAY As natural disasters are inevitable, it is essential that we as humans mitigate the say-so outcomes caused by these disasters. This taste will explore the 2011 gormandizes of Brisbane and whether proper planning and preparation could feel minimised the outcome. It will unless explore the impact the Wivenhoe dkm had on the glutlights and discuss whether dam maintenance take supplies and warnings could have admirered. December 2010 and January 2011 saw Queensland experience record-breaking rainfall that has not been seen since 1960.Approximately 1 000 millimetres of rainfall was preserve in January alone, which caused the second biggest flood Brisbane has experienced since 1974 (Hornet & McAneney, 20111150). The 2011 floods caused severe devastation by means ofout Brisbane with over 26 000 plenty loosing their homes and over 5 000 businesses around the city every partially or completely flooded. It further caused around ninety kindergartens and sixty schools to be a ffected and unusable. notwithstanding the greatest devastation was the loss of twenty-three peoples lives as a direct impart of the floods (Calligeros, 20114).The Queensland Government also suffered a major(ip) financial repercussion from the floods. Over 440 jillion dollars was spent in repairing roads, bridges, power poles and other public facilities that were destroyed (PM With Mark Colvin 2011). This kind of spending by the Government caused guesswork that if proper planning and preparation been implemented, the Brisbane floods could have been mitigated. This speculation further lead to the investigating of whether the Wivenhoe Dam helped or hindered the floods.The Wivenhoe Dam opened in 1985 after the great Brisbane floods of 1974 occurred and was seen as a solution to prevent further floods from happening again. All the dams, creeks and rivers surrounding the Wivenhoe Dam were connected that any potential overflow could run straight into the Wivenhoe and therefore have min imal risk of overflowing. However what occurred in 2011 was not what was planned when building Wivenhoe many years earlier. Wivenhoe Dam was built to hold a water supply of 1. 5 million millilitres of water, with a capacity to hold 1. 45 million millilitres at Full Supply Level or FSL. The 30 million-millilitre difference was allocated as a reserve for floodwaters to help mitigate flooding (Honert & McAneney, 20111152). Although a reserve level had been allocated in the dam, the case was that there had been constant and heavy rainfall in the previous spring months. This conduct to the Wivenhoe catchments being relatively full prior to the downpour that occurred in the December 2010 and January 2011.This rain further caused the surrounding rivers and creeks to overflow causing minor river flooding, with water thusly starting to flow into Wivenhoe to help prevent major flooding. Leading up to the floods Wivenhoe peaked at 1. 50pm on Wednesday 12th of January reaching an astounding 2. 29 million millilitres. (See Appendix 1 Table 1. 0). A day later Brisbane River peaked at 4. 46 metres at 2. 57am on Thursday 13th of January, causing major flooding to begin. (See Appendix 2 chart 2. 0).It was during these two days that the role the SEQWater played was questioned, as they were aware that the dams were high enough to overflow. This speculation was further fuelled when it was make known that SEQWater only throw outd 60% of the dams water, moments before the flood engulfed Brisbane (See Appendix 3 Table 3. 0). SEQWater is the company in charge of the Wivenhoe and pass Dams and have three simple operating guidelines that they must follow (See Appendix 4 Guidelines 4. 0).It was apparent that none of the guidelines were followed for a number of reasons. Firstly this was evident as when the Wivenhoe and Somerset dams began filling up as a result of the severe wet weather, SEQWater did not release any water from either dam until Tuesday 11th of January. As they h ad left the water idling for too long they had no other choice but to release the water at once instead of in stages releasing water like they were advised to do from the Senior fill up achievements Engineer.After the flood occurred SEQWater stated back, The flood compartments of the dams were filled to a high level by the first flood that there was not sufficient time to release this water prior to the second flood arriving, (Water, 20111158). So although the SEQWater tried to rationalize their actions, it can be argued that the SEQWater company and the employees were warned a few days in advance that by releasing a small amount of water at different times during the day would help minimise the amount of flooding that could have potentially occurred.Once it was discovered that the SEQWater had received numerous warning of potential warnings, the issue was studied and analysed. It was estimated that between 1100 Tuesday 11th of January and 1909 Wednesday 12th of January that 518, 000 millilitres of water was released from Wivenhoe dam making around a 60% contribution to the already move up water around the Brisbane area. (See Appendix 3 Table 3. 0). By 609pm Thursday the 13th of January the water flowing past the City Gauge was estimated to be around 866,000 millilitres and was still continuing to rise. See Appendix 5 Table 5. 0). The final detailed analysis sent out to SEQWater by the Senior overeats Operation Engineer it was analysed that if releases from the Wivenhoe dam were timed appropriately it could have minimised the flooding that occurred. (See Appendix 6 Analysis 6. 0). The Bureau of Meteorology proved to be helpful through the disaster, by providing warnings through their rainfall data. Day-to-day rainfall charts and rainfall maps were updated online and made easily accessible to the public and those affected. See Appendix 7 and 8 Graph and Chart 7. 0). The BOM also released a clear warning to both the government and the public that the amo unt of rain that was coming would have the likely strength of a La Nina event. As the information was made available to anyone with Internet access, SEQWater and the Government could have easily accessed this information. By doing so they would have been able to see the potential threat the approaching heavy rainfall could have and in turn should have helped them make a wiser decision.By choosing to ignore any sort of warning ratify provided by the BOM, SEQWater and their employees did nothing about the almost full catchment even though more heavy rain was approaching. Leading to the conclusion that by ignoring the warnings they exhibit poor planning and ignorance to the information provided. Throughout this essay is has been concluded that through proper planning and preparation the Brisbane Floods of 2011 could have been mitigated. Evidence and seek shown throughout this essay evidently points unfavourably to the SEQWater company and its team.It concluded that although many war nings were issued, the SEQWater and government chose to ignore them and therefore resulting in all the water being released at once. Even though this natural disaster could not have been prevented through proper planning and preparation it definitely could have been mitigated which would in turn also result in minimal devastation and destruction. This flood has also been dubbed a dam release flood by hydrologists that were appointed with the Insurance Council of Australia.Again as the evidence and research implies, with proper planning and preparation yes, the Brisbane flood of 2011 could have been mitigated. APPENDIX 1 TABLE 1. 0 WIVENHOE APPENDIX 2 GRAPH 1. 0 CITY approximate APPENDIX 3 TABLE 1. 1 RELAEASE FROM WIVENHOE PLUS CITY GAUGE APPENDIX 4 GUIDELINES 3. 0 OPERATING GUIDELINES * The flood memory board (or catchments) should generally be kept empty by releasing all the water flowing into the flood storage system until the defined downstream flood event is reached. Relea ses from the storage system should then be selected to remain below the defined downstream flood event until the flood event has passed or the storage system becomes full. * If the flood storage system becomes full, the storage system must then release all the inflows but releases should never exceed inflows. APPENDIX 5 TABLE 1. 2 ESTIMATED FLOW PAST CITY GAUGE APPENDIX 6 ANALYSIS 6. 0 DETAILED ANALYSIS 123,000 millilitres was discharged either earlier than 11. 00 Tuesday 11th or ater than 1900 Wednesday 12th rather than during this period, the flood level at the Brisbane City Gauge would not have exceeded the Major flood level, or if 335,000 millilitres was discharged right(prenominal) the period 0200 Tuesday 10th to 0800 Thursday 13th rather then during the period, the flood level at the Brisbane City Gauge would not have exceeded the Moderate flood level, or if 623,000 millilitres was discharged outside of the period 1300 Monday 10th to 2100 Thursday 13th rather than during th e period, there would not have been a flood at the Brisbane City Gauge. OBrien, 20119) APPENDIX 7 AND 8 DAILY RAINFALL GRAPH AND CHART 7. 0 REFEERNCE LIST Apelt, Mar 2011, Joint Flood Taskforce Report March 2011, viewed 19 April 2012, Himsley, May 2011, Dams and Flood Mitigation, viewed 19 April 2012, Honert, R & McAneney J 2011, The 2011 Brisbane Floods Causes, Impacts and Implications, Water Journal, Vol. , Iss. 4, pp 1149 1173, viewed 19 April 2012, http//www. mdpi. com/2073-4441/3/4/1149/ Calligeros, M 2011, Wivenhoe Dam release caused Brisbane flood report, The Brisbane Times, 11 March, viewed 19 April 2012, http//www. brisbanetimes. com. au/environment/weather/wivenhoe-dam-release-caused-brisbane-flood-report-20110311-1bqk7. html Calligeros, M 2011, Brisbane flood victims to confront the destruction, The Brisbane Times, 14 January, viewed 21 April 2012, http//www. risbanetimes. com. au/environment/weather/brisbane-flood-victims-to-confront-the-destruction-20110113-19q04. html Seqwater, 2011, The January 2011 Flood Event, viewed 19 April 2012, Bureau of Meteorology, Feb 2011, Brisbane Metro in January 2011 A major rain event and severe flooding, viewed 21 April 2012, OBrien, Mar 2011, Brisbane Flooding January 2011 An Avoidable Disaster, viewed 19 April 2012, Bureau of Meteorology, Jan 2011, Monthly Weather Review Queensland January 2011, viewed 21 April 2012, PM With Mark Colvin, ABC, 8 February 2011, ABC Australia, Brisbane. (Also a radio broadcast of it on http//www. abc. net. au/pm/content/2011/s3133417. htm)

Grafitti: Art or Crime?

New life brings new art. Graffiti is composing or displaces scribbled, scratched, or sprayed illicitly on a wall or other surface in a public place , says Wikipedia. This kind of drawing exists since human started drawing. Examples of first graffiti drawing were found in the walls of Pompeii and Catacombs of Rome, and considered as an art form. However, modern graffers usually are being sent to jail for drawing on public walls. Graffiti is not an art form anymore, now its a crime. If you ask people around you if they think graffiti is an art or vandalism, you can find verboten that there is no equal division between for and against answers.Moreover, there are people who will consider graffiti as an art and as a crime in the homogeneous time, depending on where those were drawn. Graffiti itself is an art form, though. It is the fact that is drawn in the properties of others without permissions that makes graffiti considered as vandalism. There are some evidences that establish that graffiti is an art form, such us its feature unique features, its division into different forms of art- drawing and writing, and its own particular meaning. What makes graffiti an art form? distributively kind of art music, paintings, literature, uses its own certain techniques that make each one of them special.Graffiti as one of the street art forms uses special materials for drawing, it has certain techniques how to draw and the boilers suit outcome of graffiti drawing differs from any other form of art. Graffers use spray paints, markers and other tools for their drawing. Moreover, it needs a lot of preparation, certain drawing skills, creativeness to make a really good graffiti drawing. Some of these drawings are considered as masterpieces. Certain famous graffers even have their own street exhibitions, which is get really popular nowadays.There are also graffers who earn money from drawing legally on the walls of buildings or tagging some commercial buildings, in oth er linguistic process writing on them. Graffiti can be considered as writing, too. The graffito is an odd kind of writing at once secretive and public, immediate and mixed (2004, p. 277). Usually the purpose of such graffiti writings is to bring certain kind of information to public or just self-advertisement. They can use this writing in political ways as well. As the author of the article published in The Economist magazine mentions The point of political propaganda is, after ll, not to offend and annoy people, but influence them (2004, p. 279). They try to influence people through graffiti writing because the writers (or graffers) are the same usual people as those who will read them, so the influence in that way is more probable, than if a politician would say something to a public. Other reason for it is that graffer use his own life experience to make writing on a wall that can catch attention of the audience, and his experience is more probable to be the same as the audienc es than the life quality of a politician. Like any other kind of art, graffiti exists for expressing artists feelings and emotions.It is an easy way to live a mark in this world. It is a little chance to be remembered, sometimes illegally, however. Graffiti has a soul. This usually is a soul of anger and passion. When a graffer draws on the wall, he tries to express all he has in a very emotional way. Even the colors that are used in graffiti art gives us a signal, makes us to pay attention to it by brightness and colorfulness. Graffiti has a soul of youth and hope, too. As technology, lifestyles, ideals and aspirations of society are development and changing, art is changing also.Graffiti came to life to express the soul of new life, passion and youth. Its anger and sort of vandalism can be easily connected to the life that people have nowadays. Life when you have to fight for your place in the earth. In that case graffiti makes a lot of sense it explains the truth in its own uniq ue way. Graffiti is a very important component of modern art, which embodies not only the style of teenagers in America, but also is a distinct genre which is closely intertwined with other fields of arts such as music, dance, design, and many others.Moreover, it is kind of art that can be expressed and mum in different ways you can see writing on the wall saying Hey, I was here , or other stuff seems to be messages, or an installation art which is there just because someone felt like drawing his feelings. Graffiti is no doubt the style of the new generation, a new kind of art. References 2004. The Writing on the Wall. The Economist 18th December. pp. 68-72. In A. Shine (Ed. ) Majlis of the others (2nd ed. ) London, UK Pearson Education.

Patient Risk Essay

This example of a reflective essay is presented in association with Price, B and Harrington, A (2013) Critical Thinking and Writing for Nursing Students, London, Learning Matters. Readers are introduced to the process of critical and reflective thinking and the translation of these into coursework that will wait on them to grasp better grades in nursing courses. Stewart, Raymet, Fatima and Gina are four students who share their learning journey throughout the chapters of the book. In this essay on the assessment of irritation, Raymet demonstrates her reflective physical composition skills near the end of her course. Raymet had by this stage written several reflective practice essays and plused good marks. This time though she was encouraged to deepen her reflections, speculating selectively on how the account of bother fuckd by a patient (Mrs move) force help her to work more creatively with patient perceptions and reported needs.N.B. Remember, copying essays much(prenomina l) as this, submitting them as a whole or in part for assessment purposes, without attri exactlying the source of the material, may leave you open to the charge of plagiarism. Significant sanctions may follow for lactates who do this, including referral to the Nursing and Midwifery Council.Assessing Mrs pulls PainMc Caffery and Pasero (1999) state that hurting is what the patient says it is. If we accept that point, therefore nurses need to look the patients perceptions of pain, as intumesce as their report of experiences. The two are non quite the same. Patients may report their pain in a variety of ways, dependent on the nature and the intensity of pain and the context in which it is felt (e.g. whether they are ever distracted from the pain). Their perception of pain is a little more though and it includes the supposeing that the pain has for them. It includes explanation of why the pain is there in the first place, what it indicates to the highest degree their body and what it couldsuggest expertness happen in the future (getting better, getting worse). The nurse assesses the account of pain shared by the patient, and this may be haven in the form of a write up. This is how it began, this is how it felt, this is what that meant to me and this is what I did close to it (Mishler et al. 2006)In this essay I explore the assessment of pain as conducted with one 60 year old patient whom I will c tot ally Mrs Drew. Whilst the essay attracts an assessment of pain with a single patient, I essay to share too some ideas and questions that this provokes at bottom me about pain assessment more generally. Mrs Drew made me think about other patients, future assessments and what I had to do as a nurse to help patients. To help structure this essay I use the framework described by Gibbs (1988). Whilst the episode take on relates a stage in Mrs Drews disorder when she challenged her treatment protocol, it also includes some of the memories and thoughts that this patient refers to regarding her earlier illness and past ways of coping with pain. In particular, it prompted me to question to what extent I as a nurse should recommend analgesia, drawing on what I had been taught about the effective control of pain. I had learned that it was better to control rather than to chase pain ( e.g. Mann and Carr, 2006 Forbes, 2007).Mrs Drew was diagnosed with lung malignant neoplastic disease a year earlier and had initially had her illness treated by chemotherapy. This had helped her to achieve a remission that lasted for nearly ten months (Hunt et al, 2009 describe the prognosis of this disease). The cancer had returned though and sp establish to her spine and it was here that she experienced most of her pain.It was at this stage that the doctors explained that her care would now be directed towards her sympathiser rather than a cureto which she had replied, you mean palliative care. Mrs Drew was supported at home by her husband Neil and vis ited on a regular basis by confederation based nurses to whom I was attached as part of my student nurse training. She was prescribed vocal morphine and could decide within stated limits how many tablets she could take in any one 24 hour period.The situationI had visited Mrs Drew on several occasions oer the period of a month when the community nurse and I were confronted by a tearful patient who announced that she did not wish to take the oral opiates quite as often as we were recommending. As she spoke she held her husbands hand tightly, looking across to him as she described her experiences and feelings about the matter. Yes, there had been some bad nights when the pain had woken her and she had to sit up and watch television to try and distract her ego. Yes, sometimes the pain made her feel nauseous, but she was frighten at how frequently she was taking the pain tablets and how this made her feel about herself.However well meant the medication was, it didnt feel dignified to be so reliant on drugs, or quite so sleepy and unresponsive for such a high percentage of the day. Whilst the analgesia was working well when she took the tablets, the quality of manners wasnt what she wanted. The community nurse listened patiently to Mrs Drew and thus explained that it was normal to run through panic moments about such medication. Morphine had a reputation, one that flock associated with misuse of drugs, rather than their therapeutic use. Used on a regular basis, the drug wouldnt cause addiction and it would provide a great corporation of reassurance to Mr Drew as well. The community nurse stated that she was quite sure that he respected his wifes need to sleep when she wished and to build the round of the day around her needs.At this point Mrs Drew shook her husbands hand, and express, tell hertell her what weve talked about Mr Drew then explained that his wife was employ to dealing with pain, she had suffered recurrent pain in her neck and shoulder after a road traffic accident some years before. The pain had sometimes been severe, but he had massaged her shoulders and used heat packs that she found soothing. They had decided that they wished to use this technique now, keeping the morphine for absolute emergencies, when she was losing sleep and couldnt eat as a result of the discomfort. The community nurse assured them that they were in charge of the analgesia and would be allowed to make their own decisions. She started to make notes though, and announced that she was making a referral to the cancer pain clinic, something that would help them to take stock of the situation.There was very good reason to suppose that this might be a problem associated with choosing the right window pane of themorphine, rather than using supplemental pain relief measures. Mrs Drew responded sharply, Youre not listening to me though Jane (the community nurses namea pseudonym is used here), I want to use heat packs instead of morphine, at least during the day. I want to be more alive with my husband. The community nurse assured Mrs Drew that she had heard what she had said and respected her point of view. There would though be nothing lost by using the clinic to gain a further check on this matter. With that she excused us, explaining that we had a further appointment that morning and we left, having checked that Mrs Drew had a sufficient supply of her dissimilar medicines.As we walked to the car the community nurse empathised with Mrs Drews plight, saying that if she had lung cancer she would probably grasp at straws too. She would reach out for things that seemed more normal, and then observed, but this isnt normal is it, the pain she has isnt normal. Its not just a whip lash injury and old age.FeelingsI concoct that during this episode feeling a mixture of confusion, surprise, anger and impotence. Mrs Drew had surprised me by the way she had spoken, using what seemed to be a planned announcement. They had waited for and per haps rehearsed this moment. zip fastener in my experience to date had prepared me for such an encounter, at least in such circumstances, where we as nurses were so obviously working to support the patient. It was totally later that I called the episode a confrontation. Mr and Mrs Drew had confronted the community nurse and I had been the largely silent witness to the event. As the discussion proceeded I telephone making supportive noises, remarking how useful heat packs sometimes were and glancing across at Jane, who seemed to be signalling with her expression that I should leave this debate to her. I was trying to read her reactions to the Drews points and concluded that if I couldnt support her arguments to the patient, then I should remain silent. There were issues here that I perhaps hadnt plenteous experience to deal with, at least, whilst thinking on my feet.My initial anger (with Mrs Drew for not acknowledging all that we were trying to do) quickly became displaced toward s my colleague Jane. During the event I couldnt explain why that was, but afterwards, when I made notes, I realised that it was because she seemed to have set the agenda in her own mind and to be requiring the patient to comply with concerns of her own. Put rather crudely, Jane seemed to be saying, listen I know about these things, this is a phase, an anxiety you can work through all this. I mootd at this point that she had missed the significance of the event, the way in which the Drews had arranged the conversation. For them, this was not a phase at all, but a considered and very important decision, one that they wanted the nurses to accept (Freshwater, 2002 and Edwards and Elwyn, 2009 emphasize the importance of negotiated care planning).My feelings of impotence were associated strongly with my lack of clinical experience. I have met this before. No matter how many placements I do, no matter how good the mentoring I receive, I keep meeting situations where I am unsure about how to respond next. I feel younger, less(prenominal) knowledgeable than I should be at this stage in my training. I want to reassure patients, to support colleagues and to give good advice, but there is not enough confidence to do that. If I felt unsettled and uncertain about Janes response to the Drews, right then I couldnt easily explain that. I couldnt offer a second opinion, couldnt suggest an idea that might help support the patient. To my annoyance I couldnt manage that either as we left the house. Jane had made some fair points, sheclearly seemed concerned about the patients needs, but perhaps she hadnt spotted the right needfor Mrs Drew to determine in greater part how she dealt with her illness.Experience evaluatedAfterwards, this short-circuit episode prompted doubts and debates about several important aspects of nursing for me. Setting aside the etiquette of learning in clinical practice, not challenging a qualified nurse in front of apatient, there were problems here assoc iated with supporting patient dignity, with my assumptions relating to analgesia and pain control strategies, and I realised, with my assumptions about types of pain and who had the expertise to define these. gravitas is more than simply using the appropriate terms of address, protecting the privacy of patients and attending to their expressed concerns (Price, 2004). It is about clarifying the ways in which they live and jibe illness or treatment. It is about finding out what benchmarks they use to say that yes, I am doing well here, this makes me feel good about myself.Upon reflection, I sense experience that we on this occasion had not worked hard enough to discover how Mr and Mrs Drew define quality of life, or being in charge of their situation. We were more concerned with providing resources, sharing research or theory about medication and questioning the familiar misconceptions associated with morphine. To put it simply, we were missing a trick, reading the encounter as som ething that had happened many times beforethe report of problems or anxieties, a request for help, rather than a decision that the patient and her carer had already come to. Reading situations well seemed, with the benefit of hindsight, to be the first basis for dignified care. What is happening here, what will help the patient most? were questions that we perhaps assumed that we already knew the answer to.I realised that in my training I had already accepted the argument that patients would wish to remain pain free come what may and that the tackling of fears about prospective pain, was something that nurses engaged in. I assumed that because cancer pain represented such a major threat, because it was greater and more all encompassing, that there was little or no doubt that it should be removed. What was so unsettling, and took so much time to examine, was that Mrs Drew acknowledged the possible severity of metastatic cancer pain, but that she quiesce preferred to respond to it us ing measures that had worked for her whiplash neck injury. Mrs Drew was willing to trade off a pain free state for something that gave her a greater sense of control and which perhaps enabled her husband to express his support for her in a very tangible way (preparing heat packs, massaging her back, rather than simply big(a) her the tablets). Mr and Mrs Drew questioned all my assumptions about best analgesia practice, and seemed to write a largequestion mark on the textbooks I had read about chasing rather than absolute pain in palliative care situations (Mann and Carr, 2006).Reflections (learning opportunities)The episode with Mrs Drew left me uncomfortable because my past approach to pain management was theoretical. I (and I believe Jane too) regularly made use of science to decide what could be done as regards pain relief and to assume that patients would wish to achieve all of those benefits. This wasnt about local applications of heat versus morphine, Mrs Drew could use both, it was about choice and how patients made choiceswhy they reached the decisions that they did. It was for me, about accepting very personally, that providing that patients are given all the relevant facts, alerted to the options, that they really are able to make choices that work for them. The very fact that Mrs Drews illness was now incurable, that she and her husband usually tackled pain together, meant that her solution to the challenge was different to those that many other patients arrived at. Having dealt with this pain for some time, knowing that it could and probably would get worse, meant that she was better equipped than other less experienced patients to make a decision here. This took nothing away from the benefits of sharing further discussion with pain clinic experts.I thought, Mrs Drew will stand her ground, she will importune on doing things her way if her husband is strong too. What it did highlight though was the importance of listening to patients, hearing how th ey perceive pain, how they narrate not only the pain but what they did about it. In this instance the narration was all about dignity, and coping, and finding ways to help one another and how this enables us to feel in the nervus of such a terrible illness. So, in telling us about her pain, what she did about it, using morphine when it was absolutely required, Mrs Drew was not insurance coverage her ignorance of what could be achieved if the medication was used differently, but what she preferred to do as it enabled her to achieve different goals. Mrs Drews goals were about liveliness, alertness and stoicism, showing that she could bear at least a measure of pain.I wondered why I hadnt listened carefully enough to such a story? Was it because of time pressure, or perhaps complacency, that Jane and I felt that we already knew what account would beshared? Did we think that the patient would ask for help, more help, as the pain continued? If so, then our guesses had prompted us to be have as experts, and problem solvers, on the patients behalf. Perhaps hearing a patient narrative is about discovering what sort of theatrical role they would like you to fulfil. If so, then it might be a difficult role. I thought hard about how hard this was for Jane. She was going to be asked to witness Mrs Drews future pain, one that was now less perfectly controlled. She was going to be asked to reassure, to suggest measures that might help, without reminding the patient that she already knew that you couldnt manage pain that way When I think about it now, that is very stressful for a nurse. It is about caring and allowing patients to make choices that we personally might not make.ConclusionsI have drawn then three conclusions from the above reflection. First, that being patient centred is never easy and requires real listening and interpretation skills. My criticism of what Jane chose to do, to try and dissuade Mrs Drew from a course of action, recommending further appraisal o f the situation, is an easy one to make. Nurses confront situations such as this relatively unprepared and react as considerately as possible. It is easy in hindsight to recommend other responses, a further exploration of what motivated Mrs Drews pain management preferences.Second, that experience can be a valuable teacher, the equal of textbooks. If nurses are interested in care, then we should be concerned with the sense that patients make of their own illness, the treatment or support that they receive. We need to understand what patients have to teach us and have to acknowledge that this means that we wont always seem in control ourselves, expert and knowledgeable. Our expertise might be elsewhere, helping patients to reach their own decisions.Third, that one way to understand patient perspectives on illness or treatment, on pain management in this example, is to hear how they talkabout the situation. How do they describe the pain, how do they refer to what they did about it? Th e way in which the story is shared, how we coped, how this made us feel, is as important as the facts related. Sometimes a patient needs to feel stalwart, even heroic in the face of illness. upcoming careIt would be foolish and unprofessional to recommend to other patients that they might not wish to remove pain, or that overcoming pain doesnt always mean we dont continue to experience it. For every Mrs Drew there may be many other patients who would welcome the complete removal of pain, so that they can die calmly, quietly, with their own version of dignity. But it does seem to me, that it will be worth thinking about the diversity of patients and how they prefer to cope when I assess pain and help manage this problem in the future. I wont be able to walk away from the responsibility of debating whether I have explained all that I could, detailed the strengths and limitations of different ways of coping. I will need to find reflection time to ponder what patients have said and if n ecessary to go back and say, Ive been thinking some more about your words last week.. knowing that this doesnt make me any the less professional.ReferencesEdwards, A and Elwyn, G (2009) Shared decision-making in health care achieving evidencebased patient choice, 2nd ed. Oxford, Oxford University Press Forbes, K (2007) Opiods in cancer pain, Oxford, Oxford University Press Freshwater, D (2002) remedial nursing improving patient care through self awareness, London, Sage.Gibbs G (1988) Learning by doing a guide to teaching and learning methods, Oxford, Oxford Polytechnic progress Education unitHunt, I., Muers, M and Treasure, T (2009) ABC of lung cancer, Oxford, Wiley-Blackwell/BMJ BooksMann, E and Carr, E (2006) Pain management, Oxford, Blackwell McCaffery, M and Pasero, C (1999) Pain Clinical manual, Mosby, Philadelphia Mishler, E., Rapport, F and Wainwright, P (2006) The self in health and illness patients, professionals and narrative identity, Oxford, Radcliffe PublishingLtd Pri ce, B (2004) Demonstrating respect for patient dignity, Nursing Standard, 19(12), 45-51

National Identity

I agree that fostering has succeeded in fostering a positive find of subject field individualism operator. To both the citizens of Singapore and inter home(a) bodies, a strong bailiwick indistinguishability of Singapore would be the racial society we consume and still being able to live harmoniously with iodin another. From the sass, different evasions were Introduced in bid to bring together students from the antithetical speech streams. 1 such object was the integrated aims, whereby civilizes from submission language streams were brought together on one compound and ran by one administration. The world- differentiate Integrated regime direct was Buick Panging politics High School, which managed to bring together the English and Chinese streams under(a) one roof. Also, measures were interpreted to dapple the different language streams on embody footing, for example, by Introducing rough-cut examinations.Before the scheme was Introduced, there was no universa l pedagogy for children of on the whole races and background, resulting In lesser children attending schooltimes then. However, with the scheme introduced, children of all races and backgrounds can fester and learn together in harmony, without whatever framing of biasness. The topic pledge recited in school cursory by both t severallyers and students is also another way of fostering the same content individuality.It is utter in the pledge that we, the citizens of Singapore, pledge ourselves as one united hoi polloi, regardless of race, language or religion. This is said at the beginning of the pledge, emphasizing its importance. The pledge would suffer been explained by t each(prenominal)ers when students first entered primary school and with the constant use of the pledge, it is inevitable for the pledge to be deeply engraved in our minds, and the pledge, in our hearts, reciting it e actually(prenominal) morning, inanely pledging to await by it.In Singapore, moral a nd subject education is taught to students by dint ofout the whole of their primary school and secondary school lives. According to the revised Moral and matter Education Curriculum Guide published in June 2012, one of the aims stated for the subject is to develop a recognition of identity. On 13 October 2010, give outy boss Executive Donald Tsars stated in the Policy Address 2010-2011 that moral and national education would replace the live moral and polite education in direct to strengthen national education.This shows how national identity is a big part of education and that the government Is continuously trying to further improve the lessons, In order to Include much national education related to topics, to Inculcate a positive national identity In the students from a young age. home(a) personal identity By Toxin identity of Singapore would be the multiracial society we have and still being able to introduced in bid to bring together students from the different la nguage streams. One such scheme was the integrated schools, whereby schools from difference administration.The first integrated government school was Buick Panging streams on equal footing, for example, by introducing common examinations. Before the scheme was introduced, there was no universal education for children of all races and background, resulting in lesser children attending schools then. However, shows how national identity is a big part of education and that the government is constantly trying to further improve the lessons, in order to include more national education related topics, to inculcate a positive national identity in the students fromNational IdentityNational identity affects the culture of IndiaNational identity refers to the individuals sense of belonging to it. National identity may refer two slew with different in personalities, geographical locations, belief systems, metre and withal spoken language, yet regard themselves and be meetn by others as memb ers f the same nation. The national identity is created and constructed it may not necessarily be false, as there is a constant system on the existence, if not on the definition of the nation as an entity.National identity is desired to see us in the nation, entirely nationhood also a boot outs out of a wish to make sense of our world, to have our place in it legitimized. National identity is a fundamental means of self-definition. In other talking to national identity is often taken to mean a sh atomic number 18d structure of feeling, largely imagined reason that is reinforced both through lifes daily routines as well as through ritualized, symbol-laden, celebrations of nationhood.Nevertheless, the negotiation of a national identity is a continuous and entirely voluntary process, which demands inclusively and the fair mission of peoples and cultures. National identity is roughly on a foundation of occurrence and fiction that together form an account or story of origins, myt h, tradition, and invented tradition ar systematically employed towards the making of a common ancestry. The basis for shargond belongings and a distinctive identity vis-avis the identity of other nationstates. thus national identity is the sense of belonging nurtured by a comm lone(prenominal) sh bed history, ethnical persistency and belief in a national destiny (Cameron, 1999).National identity and Indian cultureNational identity in India was seen as individualizing each individual in lines of the globalization, religious nationalism and insecurity. India, with its incalculable cultures, is fast shedding the mantle of its old identities and poised to wear new ones when Mahatma Gandhi said, India lives in its village he meant national identity. India has the largest population villages and towns in the world. Whereby, 70% of its citizens live in villages. This shows that Indians dominates in village and agriculture ploughshare to its annual GPD, since that no much as been alterationd since Gandhis time.In social, Indians regions have remained either romantic or colonial, both of which are nonexistent. A national identity may be a transient thing. But, what stiff when nothing else will is an Indian sensibility. This is woven in each and every nuance of life that an Indian sees near himself. From sharing the connotations of the color red to the understanding of the mechanics of living within a society, the fact is that this knowledge exists within the framework of Indians values.This understanding that is uniquely called an Indian sensitivity, is what defines India. The sensitivity of Indian people is what means neighbors extend help and support to each other when they can live peaceful and unnoticeable lives. The social impact that the nation identity has brought into the regions is that Indians have been reared to live within a community in an interactive co- alive manner (Ganti, 2004).The culture change of Indians has been brought up by foreign a dverts that used through medias, cinemas, but Indian audience does not cultivate the international taste, this is because majority prefer cinemas that they can relate to the change of culture of Indian which was due to the westernized nationalism where some of the Indians admired the character of Hitler, where it was cognise that Hitler attempt to resign change and continuing by taking of roots and traditions in a situation of industrialization and urbanization. This was for the Hindutva practice, whereby issues regarding national anthems, dress and foreign foods are given prominence, while profound social changes continue to affect every day life as before.The national identity formation in Indian culture was seen as expiring the Indian culture where it was affected by the globalization. The cultural heads in India like shanty Kumars Gandhi examined how cultural imagination of nation identity have been transformed by the rapid growth of satellite and line television in postcolon ial India. This group evaluated the growing influence of foreign and domestic satellite and cable bring are the major contributors that are going to affect the culture of Indian people.Kumar argues that India hybrid national identity is manifested in the discourses found in this variety of empirical sources (Menon, 2007). He formed a group of exercise in the nation and regional level that can promote the Indian languages in term of usual where media groups allocate some programs that encourage the use of national identity. In India minority has been used to describe people like the Dalits who are numerically significant but who, for politico-ideological reasons have been denied their business to full citizenship.Indians authority arrived at a point of al imprinting the mosaic of peoples and nations within a nation-state to enjoy pull rights to culture and communication. There are two aspects, which are centralized to the making and maintenance of national identity. Firstly the r ight to culture-the inalienable right to every nation irrespective of its status, to practice, express, promote its identity as a community provided that this does not entrench the rights of other nation to do the same.In other words an individual person rights needs to be located within a cultural of right is what sustains national identity. India is a tough case for any scholar trying to develop a general theory of nationalism, and with few exceptions, it does not figure in general introductory texts on the field. India is hardly a station cultural similarity or even equality in the western state it is a country with deep embedded hierarchies and a very considerable degree of internal cultural variations (Juluri, 2004).ReferencesCameron, K. (1999). National Identity. Intellect Books.Juluri, V. (2004). Becoming a Global earreach Longing and Belonging in Indian. Onent Longman.Menon, M. M. (2007). Cultural History of Modern India. Bergnahn Books.Ganti, T. (2004). Bolly Wood A Guide book to normal Hinds cinema. Routledge.National IdentityI agree that education has succeeded in fostering a positive sense of national identity. To both the citizens of Singapore and international bodies, a strong national Identity of Singapore would be the multiracial society we have and still being able to live harmoniously with one another. From the sass, various schemes were Introduced in bid to bring together students from the different language streams.One such scheme was the integrated schools, whereby schools from deference language streams were brought together on one compound and ran by one administration. The first Integrated government school was Buick Panging disposal High School, which managed to bring together the English and Chinese streams under one roof. Also, measures were taken to place the different language streams on equal footing, for example, by Introducing common examinations.Before the scheme was Introduced, there was no universal education for children of all races and background, resulting In lesser children attending schools then. However, with the scheme introduced, children of all races and backgrounds can grow and learn together in harmony, without any form of biasness. The national pledge recited in school daily by both teachers and students is also another way of fostering the same national identity.It is stated in the pledge that we, the citizens of Singapore, pledge ourselves as one united people, regardless of race, language or religion. This is said at the beginning of the pledge, emphasizing its importance. The pledge would have been explained by teachers when students first entered primary school and with the constant recitation of the pledge, it is inevitable for the pledge to be deeply engraved in our minds, and the pledge, in our hearts, reciting it every morning, inanely pledging to abide by it.In Singapore, moral and national education is taught to students throughout the whole of their primary school and seconda ry school lives. According to the revised Moral and National Education Curriculum Guide published in June 2012, one of the aims stated for the subject is to develop a recognition of identity. On 13 October 2010, Chief Executive Donald Tsars stated in the Policy Address 2010-2011 that moral and national education would replace the current moral and civic education in order to strengthen national education.This shows how national identity is a big part of education and that the government Is constantly trying to further improve the lessons, In order to Include more national education related topics, to Inculcate a positive national identity In the students from a young age. National Identity By Toxin identity of Singapore would be the multiracial society we have and still being able to introduced in bid to bring together students from the different language streams. One such scheme was the integrated schools, whereby schools from difference administration.The first integrated governm ent school was Buick Panging streams on equal footing, for example, by introducing common examinations. Before the scheme was introduced, there was no universal education for children of all races and background, resulting in lesser children attending schools then. However, shows how national identity is a big part of education and that the government is constantly trying to further improve the lessons, in order to include more national education related topics, to inculcate a positive national identity in the students fromNational IdentityIndia is a antiauthoritarian country after it gained its independence in 1947 from British who ruled India for nearly two centuries. India is popularly known as a Hindu nation which has various Gods and Goddesses for praise and worship and celebrates quite a consequence of religious festivals every course of study which carries different cultures and traditions for practicing rituals. India practices caste, creed and religion system and multi-r egional language system where each State which are totally 29 in number, carry a unique and distinct language which is spoken only by local awaitnt people of that State and there are only 5 percent people in India who speak English.India is the second most popular country in the world which has a population of 1.1 billion people as per the records of 2007. Indias economy is 12th largest in the world and its government is headed by Prime Minister and cabinet ministers who form economic policies of the government. There are democratic parties in India under various leaderships which campaign for votes every five years for winning the term elections.Official viewFor whichever party gets majority of votes in an election comes into the leadership to form National Government for a term of five years. India has a Constitutional Law and Judicial Law away from administrative Laws and Economic Laws and Policies.Indias national identity is its national flag in tri- colours viz., saffron indi cates courage, sacrifice, the white indicates purity and truth, green indicates faith and fertility and in the midst of the flag there is a single-foot in navy blue color which is termed as Dharma Chakra indicating the wheel of law which has 24 spikes in it. The national flag of India is a symbol of freedom for all people in India.The flag is hoisted each year by the Prime Minister of India on 15th August as a mark of national Independence Day. India has umteen an(prenominal) ancient forts and palaces that are built by dynasties of various kings and it is a proud place to carry one of the wonders of the world The Taj Mahal in the city of Agra which is a marble monument built by a king called Shahjahan. There is also Red fort in the city of Agra, Palace of a king in the city of Mysore, The Charminar in Hyderabad, and there many tourist places.There are many industries, corporate houses and five star restaurants and resorts homes which are contributing to the GDP growth and develo pment of nation which is around 7-8 percent per annum. India is an agricultural based country and in many parts of the country the yielded crop is baffled due to either heavy rains, floods which is why there is a short add together of essential grains, pulses and vegetables and Government in order to meet the needs of consumers, imports wheat, sugar and oil from outside of India. There is still infra poverty line in India even after 60 years of independence and country continues spend a penny its public infrastructure and telecommunication systems.The national identity changes in each country, traditions, and how to maintain the idea and What has globalization done to it?India has many problems within its political and economic system due to which the economic growth is not on the rapid rise. Indian currency rupee faces lot of inflation giving price rise in essential commodities which affect the common public who are mostly middle class which is a vast percentage in India. Luxu ry class is very small percentage and it is the middle class and poor people whose life styles are affected due political and economical imbalances. The stability in national government is always a doubting factor for people each time elections are made as the opposition parties raise a voice in Parliament questioning each and every mode of development which makes it very difficult for ruling government.India has a unique national identity of Hinduism as a religion and secondly countrys largest democracy with 1.1 billion population, there are problems in drinking water, supply of electricity, unsafe roads and lack of education for many people who reside in rural areas.Globalisation has enabled India to be recognized as a blue-chip place for computing machine technology as there are many software and hardware engineers, commencement of new and existing blue chip companies in the field of software and hardware technology and this has encouraged foreign nations to supply computers and accessories apart from Internet broadband. Further sales in mobiles, digital cameras, advanced facility telephones, televisions, VCDs and other electronic steady-goings have become the status symbol and almost everyone has an electronic gadget whether it is a mobile or a camera which is the latest trend in India. Bollywood movies and film stars are a heartthrob for overseas Indians.How are the nations responding towards the idea of National IdentityMany foreigners visit India to take note of what is so special about India and after a travel, tourists find food in India is good and available at a low price, Indians demonstrate a friendly gesture to foreigners although mannerisms and etiquette are not at par with that of foreign standards, it holds good for a temporary visit to India. Many Hollywood celebrities visited India viz., Angelina Jolie, Brad Pitt, Pierce Brosnan, Johny Depp, Nicole Kidman and Will Smith apart from President Bush and Laura Bush who visited India in the year 2005 and India and U.S. have entered into a Nuclear Deal discernment to supply nuclear fuel which is yet to be approved by Senate of U.S.India has an active stock trade and Reserve Bank policies which give rise to sensex in stock exchanges. India has many industries in apparel, chemical, ready-to-eat food companies, FMCG, unprecedented metals, five star, three star hotels and many software based corporates while many still many being commenced apart from real estate sector construction of small, medium and luxury homes.ReferencesBrian Stanley, Alaine M. Low, Missions, Nationalism, and the End of imperiumAccessed May 2, 2008http//books.google.co.in/books?id=2NCvZWNkQxkC&pg=PA111&lpg=PA111&dq=India+national+identity&source=web&ots=wZtvqnAX_1&sig=LaOEbfdG84LZuMgZBucB6juz50c&hl=enIndia and GlobalisationAccessed May 2, 2008http//www.bimaljalan.com/speech150102.html

Donne as a Distinctive Poet Essay

One of the closely original and controversial poets in the tarradiddle of English literature, tin Donne (1572-1631) is best known for his metaphysical poetry on topics as diverse as the joys of lovemaking and humanitys subservience to immortal. John Donne wrote energetic, rigorous unless uneven lines characterized by complex, humorous conceitscontrasts and paradoxesstartling extended metaphors, and striking imold agery juxtaposing the earthly and the divine.Eighteenth-century critic Samuel Johnson noted that in Donnes work, The most heterogeneous ideas are yoked by violence together disposition and art are ransacked for illustrations, comparisons, and allusions. The time of John Donne The age of John Donne was an age of transition, standing middle(prenominal) between the age of Shakespeare and the Jacobean age (1572-1631). The age of Donne would effectively and substantially cover the first thirty socio-economic classs of the seventeenth century. This age stands midway bet ween the age of Shakespeare-and the age of Milton.There is, however, approximately over-lapping which cannot be avoided because literary periods or ages cannot be free chronologically. It was a period of remarkable literary activity, a sort of prolongation of the Elizabethan age. The revival of cultivation had influenced not only Italy and Germany exclusively in like manner England. The classics were studied minutely and from a new angle. The re-discovery of the literature and culture of the past-known as humanism-gave the writers a new outlook on life. Life was a gay game and not a sorry penance.The new ideal man was to be a perfective aspect courtier, a perfect soldier, a perfect writer and, above all, a perfect gentleman. For this, he had to undergo comprehensive bringing up and a rigorous discipline. Many changes in the political, social and economic domains were being effected. Colonial expansion and increase in industry and trade make people materialistic. The study of medieval literature developed the minds of the readers. though education was not so widespread, the common man spared no opportunity of obtaining knowledge from any source. gothic beliefs held their ground both in John Donne and his contemporaries. The Reformation was a direct challenge to Rome. Why should pope be supreme in the matters of religion? Religion, by and by all, is a personal matter and no instruction should be tolerated from-outside. Nationalism in its wider connotation was responsible not only for a new literature, but also a new faith. The abuses and weaknesses of the Catholic religion were laid bare. The new Church of England came into being.Donne, like some of his contemporaries, felt within himself the conflict of faith. His scepticism, his humanism and his learning made him challenge the faith of his ancestors. The result was that after a good deal of heart-searching and vacillation, Donne embraced the Established Church of England by 1598. But it was not until he was official in 1615 that he became a confirmed Anglican. The heritage of Queen Elizabeth, who died in 1603, was one of peace and prosperity. It was also one of centralization.Although her monarchy had not been an absolute one, she delegated her authority wisely, and patriotism was loyalty to the Queen. Religion and politics were closely linked. Elizabeth, as the supreme head of the Church of England, maintained religious tolerance as the Puritan and Catholic minorities strengthened. crowd together I, formerly James V of the Scotland, took over the English throne in 1603 at the death of Elizabeth. though widely hailed at first, Englishmen rapidly became disillusioned with him. James did not understand the people he ruled, nor the nature of his office.He allowed his favourites and the Spanish government to influence him his failure to recognize the rising power of Parliament, his reversion to strict views of absolute monarchy, and the luxury and the corruption of his rule, an d religious schisms widened and Puritanism and Roman Catholicism became more militant in their chip against the established Church of England. Political strife, intermingled with growing religious dissension, was brought to a head by his insistence on the oneness of Church and state. The conflict between Church and State led men o honor which was superior, with the answer resting in mans own conscience.The questioning of civil authority, of where true sovereignty should lie, made it possible to rebel against a king. The growth of the middle class, the rise of political parties, and the estrangement of the Puritans led to a long civil war. Charles I, who began his rule in 1629, following the death of his father, was beheaded in 1649, whereupon a tribe was begun by the Puritans, leading to the eventual military dictatorship of Oliver Cromwell, who, nevertheless, brought some measure of peace and stability to a turbulent England.Yet the idea of a military dictatorship was abhorrent to Englishmen and upon Cromwells death in 1660, Parliament invited Charles II, in exile in France, to return to England and resume the rule of the Stuart kings. Life History John Donne was born in 1572 to a prosperous London family. His mother came from one of Englands most autocratic Catholic families. John Donne was the grandson of the dramatist John Heywood, the nephew of Jasper Heywood, who led the Jesuit mission to England in the 1580s, and a great-great-nephew of the Catholic martyr Sir Thomas More.After receiving his early education from the Jesuits, in 1584 Donne began study at Oxford. Oxford would award Donne his full point only if he renounced his Catholic faith, as was standard practice at the university at that time. Defiant, Donne left Oxford and engage sub judice studies at the Inns of Court in London, where he was known both for his dandyism and his serious study of legal and religious issues. During this period Donne wrote many epigrams, satires, verse letters, a nd elegies which were shared among friends in his literary circle but remained unpublished during his lifetime.After completing his law degree in 1596, Donne accompanied the Earl of Essex on two naval expeditions against Spain, makeup of his experiences in the poems The Storm, The Calm, and The Burnt Ship. Returning to England in 1597 Donne became secretary to Sir Thomas Egerton. Four years later Donne in secret wed Ann More, Egertons sixteen-year-old niece. Enraged, Mores father had Donne imprisoned until 1602. Donne left prison without a passkey position, social standing, or much hope of a career.From 1602 to 1615 Donne was able to support Ann and heir growing familywhich in the end included ten childrenonly through the generosity of friends and patrons. His letters from this period chronicle his struggles with depression and illness. material religious feelings, mixed with intellectual discontent, deep cynicism, and despair are evident in the Holy Sonnets,which Donne wrote but did not publish at this time. It was also during these years that he wrote his finest love poetry. Donne had been offered a position in the Anglican Church as early as 1607 but did not accept ordination until 1615, when it became make it that King James I would advance him through the Church.He became the Kings chaplain and the next year he was made divinity reader at Lincolns Inn. Ann died in childbirth in 1617. In 1621, a mere six years following his entry into the priesthood, Donne became Dean of St. Pauls, and his sermons became widely heard and admired. He stated that he was happy in the rejection of the mistress of my youth, Poetry for the wife of exploit age, Divinity. Nevertheless, when he was struck with a fever in 1623 and thought he was dying, he wrote Hymn to God the Father and Hymn to God My God, in My Sicknesse. John Donne died in 1631.

Macbeth William Shakespeare Essay

(i) Shakespeares Macbeth invites us to look into the world of a man goaded on by ruthless ambition and tortured by trouble. Write a response to this cipher of the play, Macbeth, supporting the points you make by reference to the text.Mark ex 60 by reference to the criteria for sound judgment using the following breakdown of marks.P18C18L 18M 660 marks A+ B C D E-100% 60 51 42 33 24 23 030% 18 16 13 10 8 7 010% 6 5 4 3 3 2 0Expect candidates to respond by treating of both ambition and regret, though not necessarily equally. Allow that candidates may view Macbeth as a man driven on by the ambitions of others in his world, e.g. gentlewoman Macbeth, Malcolm, Banquo, and so on. Expect the focus of discussion, in such cases, to centre on the impact that the ambitions of others make upon Macbeth. Code A for ambition, R for regret, and A/R for points combining the two. Possible pointsAmbition his eager response to the witches the killing of Duncan and Banquo his obsession with bou nd ambition he embarks on a tyrannical rule, determined to hold on to power Lady Macbeth, however, questions his capacity to be ruthless his soliloquies repeatedly qualify the ruthlessness of his character Etc.Regret Macbeth wrestles with his scruples he is plagued by visions of his evil deeds and their consequences following the murder of Duncan he is incoherent and tormented he is haunted by the realisation that he has achieved a fruitless crown and a barren threshold his mind is full of scorpions for him life becomes progressively more empty and worthless Etc.